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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 41 Q5

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 41 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The diagram shows a particle AA, of mass 1.2 kg1.2\,\mathrm{kg}, which lies on a plane inclined at an angle of 40∘40^\circ to the horizontal and a particle BB, of mass 1.6 kg1.6\,\mathrm{kg}, which lies on a plane inclined at an angle of 50∘50^\circ to the horizontal. The particles are connected by a light inextensible string which passes over a small smooth pulley PP fixed at the top of the planes. The parts APAP and BPBP of the string are taut and parallel to lines of greatest slope of the respective planes. The two planes are rough, with the same coefficient of friction, μ\mu, between the particles and the planes.

Find the value of μ\mu for which the system is in limiting equilibrium.

(7)

题目中文翻译

如图所示,质量为 1.2 kg1.2\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 AA 位于与水平面成 40∘40^\circ 角的斜面上,质量为 1.6 kg1.6\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 BB 位于与水平面成 50∘50^\circ 角的斜面上。两个质点由一根不可伸长的轻绳连接,轻绳绕过固定在斜面顶端的小光滑滑轮 PP。绳的 APAP 段和 BPBP 段均绷紧,且分别平行于相应斜面的最大坡度线。两个斜面均粗糙,质点与斜面之间的摩擦系数相同,均为 μ\mu。

求使系统处于极限平衡状态的 μ\mu 的值。

(7)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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比较无摩擦时的两个重力分量,B更有向下趋势,所以B摩擦向上、A摩擦向下。不同斜面的支持力和摩擦力不同,只是摩擦系数相同。

答题过程

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Since 1.6gsin⁡50∘>1.2gsin⁡40∘1.6g\sin50^\circ>1.2g\sin40^\circ, impending motion is BB down its plane and AA up its plane. Thus friction acts up the plane on BB and down the plane on AA.

The reactions are

RA= 1.2gcos⁡40∘,RB= 1.6gcos⁡50∘.\begin{align*} R_A=&\,1.2g\cos40^\circ,\\[4mm] R_B=&\,1.6g\cos50^\circ. \end{align*}

At limiting equilibrium, FA=μRAF_A=\mu R_A and FB=μRBF_B=\mu R_B. Resolving along the two planes,

1.6gsin⁡50∘−T= μ(1.6gcos⁡50∘).\begin{align*} 1.6g\sin50^\circ-T=&\,\mu(1.6g\cos50^\circ). \end{align*} T−1.2gsin⁡40∘=μ(1.2gcos⁡40∘).T-1.2g\sin40^\circ=\mu(1.2g\cos40^\circ).

Adding eliminates TT. Cancelling gg and solving gives

μ=1.6sin⁡50∘−1.2sin⁡40∘1.6cos⁡50∘+1.2cos⁡40∘≈0.233.\mu=\frac{1.6\sin50^\circ-1.2\sin40^\circ} {1.6\cos50^\circ+1.2\cos40^\circ} \approx\boxed{0.233}.