题目
A block of mass is at rest on a rough plane inclined at an angle of to the horizontal. A force of is applied to the block at an angle of above a line of greatest slope (see diagram). There is a force resisting the motion of the block and of work is done against this force when the block has moved a distance of up the plane from rest.
Find the speed of the block when it has moved a distance of up the plane from rest.
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的物块静止在与水平面成 角的粗糙斜面上。一个大小为 的力作用于物块,其方向在最大坡度线上方,与最大坡度线成 角(见图)。物块受到阻碍运动的力;当物块从静止开始沿斜面向上运动 时,克服该力所做的功为 。
求物块从静止开始沿斜面向上运动 时的速率。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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施力与位移夹20度,做功为力乘位移再乘夹角余弦。扣去势能增加与给定的阻力功后求末动能。
答题过程
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The work done by the applied force is
The gain in gravitational potential energy is
Starting from rest, the work-energy equation gives
Thus