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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 42 Q3

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 42 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

A block of mass 10 kg10\,\mathrm{kg} is at rest on a rough plane inclined at an angle of 30∘30^\circ to the horizontal. A force of 120 N120\,\mathrm{N} is applied to the block at an angle of 20∘20^\circ above a line of greatest slope (see diagram). There is a force resisting the motion of the block and 200 J200\,\mathrm{J} of work is done against this force when the block has moved a distance of 5 m5\,\mathrm{m} up the plane from rest.

Find the speed of the block when it has moved a distance of 5 m5\,\mathrm{m} up the plane from rest.

(5)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 10 kg10\,\mathrm{kg} 的物块静止在与水平面成 30∘30^\circ 角的粗糙斜面上。一个大小为 120 N120\,\mathrm{N} 的力作用于物块,其方向在最大坡度线上方,与最大坡度线成 20∘20^\circ 角(见图)。物块受到阻碍运动的力;当物块从静止开始沿斜面向上运动 5 m5\,\mathrm{m} 时,克服该力所做的功为 200 J200\,\mathrm{J}。

求物块从静止开始沿斜面向上运动 5 m5\,\mathrm{m} 时的速率。

(5)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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施力与位移夹20度,做功为力乘位移再乘夹角余弦。扣去势能增加与给定的阻力功后求末动能。

答题过程

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The work done by the applied force is

WF=120(5)cos⁡20∘.W_F=120(5)\cos20^\circ.

The gain in gravitational potential energy is

10(10)(5sin⁡30∘)=250 J.10(10)(5\sin30^\circ)=250\,\mathrm{J}.

Starting from rest, the work-energy equation gives

120(5)cos⁡20∘−250−200=5v2.120(5)\cos20^\circ-250-200=5v^2.

Thus

v=600cos⁡20∘−4505≈4.77 m s−1.v=\sqrt{\frac{600\cos20^\circ-450}{5}} \approx\boxed{4.77\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}.