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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 42 Q6

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 42 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A railway engine of mass 120000 kg120000\,\mathrm{kg} is towing a coach of mass 60000 kg60000\,\mathrm{kg} up a straight track inclined at an angle of α\alpha to the horizontal where sin⁡α=0.02\sin\alpha=0.02. There is a light rigid coupling, parallel to the track, connecting the engine and coach. The driving force produced by the engine is 125000 N125000\,\mathrm{N} and there are constant resistances to motion of 22000 N22000\,\mathrm{N} on the engine and 13000 N13000\,\mathrm{N} on the coach.

(a) Find the acceleration of the engine and find the tension in the coupling.

(5)

At an instant when the engine is travelling at 30 m s−130\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, it comes to a section of track inclined upwards at an angle β\beta to the horizontal. The power produced by the engine is now 4500000 W4500000\,\mathrm{W} and, as a result, the engine maintains a constant speed.

(b) Assuming that the resistance forces remain unchanged, find the value of β\beta.

(4)

题目中文翻译

一台质量为 120000 kg120000\,\mathrm{kg} 的火车机车牵引着一节质量为 60000 kg60000\,\mathrm{kg} 的车厢,沿笔直轨道向上行驶。轨道与水平面的夹角为 α\alpha,其中 sin⁡α=0.02\sin\alpha=0.02。机车与车厢由一根平行于轨道的轻质刚性连接杆连接。机车产生的牵引力为 125000 N125000\,\mathrm{N},机车和车厢受到的运动阻力恒定,分别为 22000 N22000\,\mathrm{N} 和 13000 N13000\,\mathrm{N}。

(a) 求机车的加速度及连接杆中的张力。

(5)

机车以 30 m s−130\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率行驶的某一瞬间,进入一段与水平面成 β\beta 角、向上倾斜的轨道。此时机车输出的功率为 4500000 W4500000\,\mathrm{W},使机车保持恒定速率。

(b) 假设阻力保持不变,求 β\beta 的值。

(4)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

整体方程求加速度,单独车厢方程求连接器张力。

答题过程

展开

Resolving up the track for the whole system,

180000a= 125000−22000−13000 −180000(10)(0.02)= 54000.\begin{align*} 180000a=&\,125000-22000-13000\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}-180000(10)(0.02)\\[4mm] =&\,54000. \end{align*}

Therefore

a=0.3 m s−2.\boxed{a=0.3\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}}.

For the coach,

T−13000−60000(10)(0.02)= 60000(0.3).\begin{align*} T-13000-60000(10)(0.02)=&\,60000(0.3). \end{align*}

giving

T=43000 N.\boxed{T=43000\,\mathrm{N}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

新路段匀速,先由功率求驱动力,再用整体平衡求坡角,不能沿用(a)张力。

答题过程

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The driving force is

F=450000030=150000 N.F=\frac{4500000}{30}=150000\,\mathrm{N}.

At constant speed, resolving up the slope for the whole system gives

150000−22000−13000= 180000(10)sin⁡β.\begin{align*} 150000-22000-13000=&\,180000(10)\sin\beta. \end{align*}

Hence

sin⁡β=1150001800000=23360.\sin\beta=\frac{115000}{1800000}=\frac{23}{360}.

Taking the acute inclination,

β≈3.7∘.\beta\approx\boxed{3.7^\circ}.