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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 42 Q7

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 42 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

A particle XX travels in a straight line. The velocity of XX at time t st\,\mathrm{s} after leaving a fixed point OO is denoted by v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, where

v=−0.1t3+1.8t2−6t+5.6.v=-0.1t^3+1.8t^2-6t+5.6.

The acceleration of XX is zero at t=pt=p and t=qt=q, where p<qp<q.

(a) Find the value of pp and the value of qq.

(4)

It is given that the velocity of XX is zero at t=14t=14.

(b) Find the velocities of XX at t=pt=p and at t=qt=q, and hence sketch the velocity-time graph for the motion of XX for 0⩽t⩽150\leqslant t\leqslant15.

(3)

(c) Find the total distance travelled by XX between t=0t=0 and t=15t=15.

(5)

题目中文翻译

一个质点 XX 沿直线运动。离开固定点 OO 后 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时,XX 的速度记为 v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}},其中

v=−0.1t3+1.8t2−6t+5.6.v=-0.1t^3+1.8t^2-6t+5.6.

XX 在 t=pt=p 和 t=qt=q 时的加速度为零,其中 p<qp<q。

(a) 求 pp 和 qq 的值。

(4)

已知 XX 在 t=14t=14 时的速度为零。

(b) 求 XX 在 t=pt=p 和 t=qt=q 时的速度,并由此画出 XX 在 0⩽t⩽150\leqslant t\leqslant15 内运动的速度—时间图像的草图。

(3)

(c) 求 XX 在 t=0t=0 至 t=15t=15 之间经过的总路程。

(5)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

求速度导数,因式分解加速度二次式,按p小于q排序。

答题过程

展开

Differentiating,

a=−0.3t2+3.6t−6=−0.3(t2−12t+20).a=-0.3t^2+3.6t-6=-0.3(t^2-12t+20).

Thus a=0a=0 gives

(t−2)(t−10)=0.(t-2)(t-10)=0.

Since p<qp<q,

p=2,q=10.\boxed{p=2,\qquad q=10}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

代入两个驻点求速度,结合加速度符号画平滑三次曲线。在t等于2处只是切触时间轴,不穿过。

答题过程

展开

At the stationary points,

v(2)= −0.1(8)+1.8(4)−12+5.6= 0 m s−1.\begin{align*} v(2)=&\,-0.1(8)+1.8(4)-12+5.6\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{0\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}. \end{align*} v(10)= −100+180−60+5.6= 25.6 m s−1.\begin{align*} v(10)=&\,-100+180-60+5.6\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{25.6\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}. \end{align*}

The acceleration is negative for 0<t<20<t<2, positive for 2<t<102<t<10, and negative for t>10t>10. Sketch a smooth curve starting at (0,5.6)(0,5.6), touching the tt-axis at the minimum (2,0)(2,0), rising to the maximum (10,25.6)(10,25.6), then crossing the axis at (14,0)(14,0) and reaching (15,−16.9)(15,-16.9). The change of curvature occurs at t=6t=6.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

速度在2处不变号,14之后才为负。先积分0到14,再把14到15的负位移改成正路程。

答题过程

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The velocity factorises as

v=−0.1(t−2)2(t−14).v=-0.1(t-2)^2(t-14).

Thus v≥0v\ge0 for 0≤t≤140\le t\le14 and v<0v<0 for 14<t≤1514<t\le15. An antiderivative is

S(t)=−0.025t4+0.6t3−3t2+5.6t.S(t)=-0.025t^4+0.6t^3-3t^2+5.6t.

Its required values are

S(0)= 0,S(14)= 176.4,S(15)= 168.375.\begin{align*} S(0)=&\,0,\\[4mm] S(14)=&\,176.4,\\[4mm] S(15)=&\,168.375. \end{align*}

Hence the total distance is

D= [S(14)−S(0)]−[S(15)−S(14)]= 176.4+8.025= 184.425 m.\begin{align*} D=&\,[S(14)-S(0)]-[S(15)-S(14)]\\[4mm] =&\,176.4+8.025\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{184.425\,\mathrm{m}}. \end{align*}