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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 41 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 41 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A particle of mass 7.5 kg7.5\,\mathrm{kg}, starting from rest at AA, slides down an inclined plane ABAB. The point BB is 12.512.5 metres vertically below the level of AA, as shown in the diagram.

(a) Given that the plane is smooth, use an energy method to find the speed of the particle at BB.

(2)

(b) It is given instead that the plane is rough and the particle reaches BB with a speed of 8 m s−18\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The plane is 25 m25\,\mathrm{m} long and the constant frictional force has magnitude F NF\,\mathrm{N}.

Find the value of FF.

(3)
题目中文翻译

一个质量为 7.5 kg7.5\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点,从 AA 由静止开始沿斜面 ABAB 下滑。如图所示,点 BB 比 AA 所在的水平面竖直低 12.512.5 米。

(a) 已知斜面光滑,使用能量方法求质点在 BB 处的速率。

(2)

(b) 现在改为已知斜面粗糙,且质点以 8 m s−18\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率到达 BB。斜面长 25 m25\,\mathrm{m},恒定摩擦力的大小为 F NF\,\mathrm{N}。

求 FF 的值。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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题目要求能量法。光滑面支持力不做功,减少的重力势能全部转为动能。

答题过程

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By conservation of mechanical energy,

12(7.5)v2=7.5(10)(12.5).\frac12(7.5)v^2=7.5(10)(12.5).

Thus v2=250v^2=250. Taking the positive root,

v=510 m s−1≈15.8 m s−1.\boxed{v=5\sqrt{10}\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}} \approx15.8\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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有摩擦时,势能损失分为末动能与克服摩擦所做的功,摩擦的作用距离是斜面长25米。

答题过程

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The work-energy equation is

7.5(10)(12.5)=12(7.5)(82)+25F.7.5(10)(12.5)=\frac12(7.5)(8^2)+25F.

Therefore

25F= 937.5−240=697.5,F= 27.9.\begin{align*} 25F=&\,937.5-240=697.5,\\[4mm] F=&\,\boxed{27.9}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

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也可先从速度与路程求沿面的加速度,再沿面列牛顿第二定律。斜角正弦等于竖直落差除以斜面长。

答题过程

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Let the acceleration down the plane be aa. Then

82=2a(25),a=1.28 m s−2.8^2=2a(25),\qquad a=1.28\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

If the inclination is β\beta, then sin⁡β=12.5/25=1/2\sin\beta=12.5/25=1/2. Resolving down the plane,

7.5(10)(12)−F=7.5(1.28).7.5(10)\bigg(\frac12\bigg)-F=7.5(1.28).

Thus

F=37.5−9.6=27.9.F=37.5-9.6=\boxed{27.9}.