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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 41 Q4

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 41 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A bus travels between two stops, AA and BB. The bus starts from rest at AA and accelerates at a constant rate of a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} until it reaches a speed of 16 m s−116\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. It then travels at this constant speed before decelerating at a constant rate of 0.75a m s−20.75a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}, coming to rest at BB. The total time for the journey is 240 s240\,\mathrm{s}.

(a) Sketch the velocity-time graph for the bus’s journey from AA to BB.

(1)

(b) Find an expression, in terms of aa, for the length of time that the bus is travelling with constant speed.

(2)

(c) Given that the distance from AA to BB is 3000 m3000\,\mathrm{m}, find the value of aa.

(3)
题目中文翻译

一辆公交车在两个车站 AA 和 BB 之间行驶。公交车从 AA 由静止开始,以 a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的恒定加速度加速,直到速率达到 16 m s−116\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。随后它以该恒定速率行驶,再以 0.75a m s−20.75a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的恒定减速度减速,在 BB 停下。全程所需的总时间为 240 s240\,\mathrm{s}。

(a) 画出公交车从 AA 到 BB 的速度—时间示意图。

(1)

(b) 用 aa 表示公交车以恒定速率行驶的时间。

(2)

(c) 已知从 AA 到 BB 的距离为 3000 m3000\,\mathrm{m},求 aa 的值。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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匀加速、匀速、匀减速对应斜直线、水平线、斜直线;减速率较小,因此下降段比上升段平缓。

答题过程

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Draw a velocity-time graph consisting of three straight segments: rising from (0,0)(0,0) to speed 16 m s−116\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, a horizontal segment, then falling to (240,0)(240,0). The gradients of the rising and falling segments are aa and −0.75a-0.75a, respectively.

(b)

解法一

思路

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用速度变化除以加速度求两端用时,总时间减去两端即为匀速时间。

答题过程

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The acceleration time and deceleration time are

t1=16a,t2=160.75a=643a.t_1=\frac{16}{a},\qquad t_2=\frac{16}{0.75a}=\frac{64}{3a}.

Thus the time at constant speed is

T= 240−16a−643a= 240−1123a.\begin{align*} T=&\,240-\frac{16}{a}-\frac{64}{3a}\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{240-\frac{112}{3a}}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

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图下面积是路程。把整个梯形面积用匀速时间表示,先求T,再代回上一问。

答题过程

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The area under the velocity-time graph is the distance travelled:

3000=12(16)(240+T).3000=\frac12(16)(240+T).

Thus 240+T=375240+T=375, so T=135T=135. Using (b),

135=240−1123a.135=240-\frac{112}{3a}.

Therefore 315a=112315a=112, giving

a=1645.\boxed{a=\frac{16}{45}}.