题目
The velocity of a particle moving in a straight line at time seconds after leaving a fixed point is . The diagram shows a velocity-time graph which models the motion of the particle from to . The graph consists of four straight line segments. The particle accelerates from rest to a speed of over a period of , and then decelerates at to instantaneous rest over a period of . The particle then travels back towards , reaching a maximum speed of before coming to rest at time .
(a) Find the value of .
(b) Given that the total distance travelled by the particle from to is , find the value of .
题目中文翻译
一个质点沿直线运动,离开固定点 后 秒时的速度为 。图中的速度—时间图象模拟了质点从 到 的运动。图象由四条直线段组成。质点在 内从静止加速至速率 ,随后以 的减速度在 内减速至瞬时静止。质点随后向 返回,达到最大速率 ,然后在 时停止。
(a) 求 的值。
(b) 已知质点从 到 经过的总路程为 ,求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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减速段用末速度等于初速度加加速度乘时间,注意加速度为负。
答题过程
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For the interval from to ,
Hence
(b)
解法一
思路
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路程是速度图与时间轴之间面积的总和,时间轴下方的面积也取正值;不假设第二个三角形对称。
答题过程
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The distance in the first seconds is
The remaining triangular region has base and height . Since distance counts both regions positively,
Thus , giving