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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 42 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 42 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A block of mass 20 kg20\,\mathrm{kg} is held at rest at the top of a plane inclined at 30∘30^\circ to the horizontal. The block is projected with speed 5 m s−15\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} down a line of greatest slope of the plane. There is a resistance force acting on the block. As the block moves 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} down the plane from its point of projection, the work done against this resistance force is 50 J50\,\mathrm{J}.

Find the speed of the block when it has moved 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} down the plane.

(4)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 20 kg20\,\mathrm{kg} 的物块被保持静止在一个与水平面成 30∘30^\circ 角的斜面顶端。物块以 5 m s−15\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率沿斜面的最大坡度线向下抛出。有一个阻力作用于物块。当物块从抛出点沿斜面向下运动 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} 时,克服该阻力所做的功为 50 J50\,\mathrm{J}。

求物块沿斜面向下运动 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} 时的速率。

(4)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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阻力只给总做功,不一定恒定,因此用能量方程。减少的势能加初动能,扣除阻力做功,等于末动能。

答题过程

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The vertical distance descended is 2sin⁡30∘=1 m2\sin30^\circ=1\,\mathrm{m}. Thus the loss in potential energy is 20(10)(1)=200 J20(10)(1)=200\,\mathrm{J}.

By the work-energy equation,

12(20)v2−12(20)(52)=200−50.\frac12(20)v^2-\frac12(20)(5^2)=200-50.

Hence 10v2=40010v^2=400, so

v=40 m s−1≈6.32 m s−1.\boxed{v=\sqrt{40}\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}} \approx6.32\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.