题目
A block of mass is held at rest at the top of a plane inclined at to the horizontal. The block is projected with speed down a line of greatest slope of the plane. There is a resistance force acting on the block. As the block moves down the plane from its point of projection, the work done against this resistance force is .
Find the speed of the block when it has moved down the plane.
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的物块被保持静止在一个与水平面成 角的斜面顶端。物块以 的速率沿斜面的最大坡度线向下抛出。有一个阻力作用于物块。当物块从抛出点沿斜面向下运动 时,克服该阻力所做的功为 。
求物块沿斜面向下运动 时的速率。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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阻力只给总做功,不一定恒定,因此用能量方程。减少的势能加初动能,扣除阻力做功,等于末动能。
答题过程
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The vertical distance descended is . Thus the loss in potential energy is .
By the work-energy equation,
Hence , so