题目
Two particles, and , of masses and respectively, are connected by a light inextensible string. Particle is on a fixed plane which is at an angle of to the horizontal ground. The string passes over a fixed smooth pulley at the top of the plane. Particle hangs vertically below the pulley and is above the ground (see diagram).
The system is released from rest. In the subsequent motion moves up a line of greatest slope of the plane and does not reach the pulley. As moves up the plane there is a constant resistance to its motion of magnitude . The speed of immediately before it hits the ground is .
Use an energy method to find the value of .
题目中文翻译
质量分别为 和 的两个质点 和 ,由一根轻质不可伸长细绳连接。质点 位于一个固定斜面上,斜面与水平地面的夹角为 。细绳跨过固定在斜面顶端的光滑滑轮。质点 竖直悬挂在滑轮下方,距地面 (见图)。
系统从静止释放。在随后的运动中, 沿斜面的一条最大坡度线向上运动,且不会到达滑轮。 沿斜面向上运动时,受到大小恒为 的运动阻力。 撞地前一瞬间的速率为 。
使用能量方法求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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题目指定能量法。A下降0.75m,B沿坡上移同样距离,竖直上升仅0.45m;动能必须包括两粒子。
答题过程
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Before hits the ground, both particles move along their respective paths and have speed .
The potential energy lost by is joules. The vertical rise of is , so its potential energy gain is .
The work against resistance is . By conservation of energy,
Hence