题目
A particle of mass is released from rest from the top of a smooth plane, which makes an angle of with the horizontal. The particle collides seconds later with a particle , of mass , which is moving up a line of greatest slope of the plane. The speed of immediately before the collision is . Immediately after the collision, has a velocity of down the plane.
Find the distance moves up the plane after the collision.
题目中文翻译
质量为 的质点 从光滑斜面的顶端由静止释放,斜面与水平面的夹角为 。质点 在 秒后与质量为 的质点 碰撞, 正沿斜面的一条最大坡度线向上运动。 在碰撞前一瞬间的速率为 。碰撞后一瞬间, 的速度为沿斜面向下 。
求碰撞后 沿斜面向上运动的距离。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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先求A碰前下行速度4,再统一正方向列动量守恒求其反弹速度;之后上行加速度−2,求停止距离。
答题过程
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The plane is smooth, so ‘s acceleration down it is
After 2 seconds its speed is down the plane.
Take up the plane as positive. If is ‘s velocity immediately after impact, conservation of momentum gives
Thus , giving up the plane.
Its acceleration while ascending is . Therefore its distance to instantaneous rest satisfies