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CIE 9709 2025 November Paper 42 Q4

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 42 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A particle PP of mass 0.1 kg0.1\,\mathrm{kg} is projected vertically upwards with speed 30 m s−130\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} from horizontal ground. At the same instant a particle QQ of mass 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} is projected vertically upwards with speed 10 m s−110\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} from a height of 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} above the ground. PP and QQ move in the same vertical line.

(a) Find the height above the ground at which PP and QQ collide.

(4)

When PP and QQ collide, they coalesce.

(b) Find the speed of the combined particle at the instant that it reaches the ground.

(5)
题目中文翻译

质量为 0.1 kg0.1\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 PP 从水平地面以 30 m s−130\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率竖直向上发射。在同一瞬间,质量为 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 QQ 从距地面 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} 的高度,以 10 m s−110\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率竖直向上发射。PP 和 QQ 在同一条竖直线上运动。

(a) 求 PP 与 QQ 碰撞时离地的高度。

(4)

PP 与 QQ 碰撞时粘合在一起。

(b) 求合成质点到达地面瞬间的速率。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

用离地高度建立两条运动方程,Q初始高度15不能漏掉;同样重力项相消。

答题过程

展开

Taking upwards as positive, the heights after tt seconds are

hP= 30t−5t2,hQ= 15+10t−5t2.\begin{align*} h_P=&\,30t-5t^2,\\[4mm] h_Q=&\,15+10t-5t^2. \end{align*}

At collision hP=hQh_P=h_Q, so

30t=15+10t,t=34 s.30t=15+10t, \qquad t=\frac34\text{ s}.

The height is therefore

h=30(34)−5(34)2=31516 m.h=30\biggl(\frac34\biggr)-5\biggl(\frac34\biggr)^2 =\boxed{\frac{315}{16}\text{ m}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

先算碰前两速度,用动量守恒得粘合后速度;随后运动至地面用v²公式。

答题过程

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Immediately before collision, both particles are moving upwards:

uP=30−10(34)=22.5 m s−1,u_P=30-10\biggl(\frac34\biggr)=22.5\text{ m s}^{-1}, uQ=10−10(34)=2.5 m s−1.u_Q=10-10\biggl(\frac34\biggr)=2.5\text{ m s}^{-1}.

Conservation of momentum gives the combined particle’s upward velocity VV:

0.1(22.5)+0.4(2.5)=(0.1+0.4)V,V=6.5 m s−1.0.1(22.5)+0.4(2.5)=(0.1+0.4)V, \qquad V=6.5\text{ m s}^{-1}.

From the collision point to the ground the upward displacement is −315/16-315/16 metres and the acceleration is −10-10. Hence the final speed vv satisfies

v2=(6.5)2+2(−10)(−31516)=436.v^2=(6.5)^2+2(-10)\biggl(-\frac{315}{16}\biggr)=436.

Therefore

v=2109≈20.9 m s−1 (3 s.f.).v=2\sqrt{109}\approx\boxed{20.9\text{ m s}^{-1}}\text{ (3 s.f.)}.