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CIE 9709 2025 November Paper 43 Q4

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 43 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A particle PP moves in a straight line. At time t st\,\mathrm{s} after passing through a point OO on the line, the displacement of PP from OO is s ms\,\mathrm{m}, where s=0.01t3−0.3t2−2.07ts=0.01t^3-0.3t^2-2.07t.

(a) Find the value of ss when PP has its minimum velocity, and find also the speed of PP at this instant.

(6)

(b) Find the acceleration of PP at the instant when the direction of motion of PP changes.

(4)
题目中文翻译

一个质点 PP 沿直线运动。经过直线上的点 OO 后 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时,PP 相对于 OO 的位移为 s ms\,\mathrm{m},其中 s=0.01t3−0.3t2−2.07ts=0.01t^3-0.3t^2-2.07t。

(a) 求 PP 的速度达到最小值时 ss 的值,并求该瞬间 PP 的速率。

(6)

(b) 求 PP 改变运动方向的瞬间的加速度。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先求速度函数。其二次项系数正,令加速度零可找速度最小值,再回代位移并取速度绝对值求速率。

答题过程

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Differentiating the displacement,

v= 0.03t2−0.6t−2.07,a= 0.06t−0.6.\begin{align*} v=&\,0.03t^2-0.6t-2.07,\\[4mm] a=&\,0.06t-0.6. \end{align*}

The velocity is a quadratic with positive leading coefficient, so its minimum occurs when

0.06t−0.6=0,t=10.0.06t-0.6=0, \qquad t=10.

At this instant,

s=0.01(10)3−0.3(10)2−2.07(10)=−40.7 m,s=0.01(10)^3-0.3(10)^2-2.07(10)=\boxed{-40.7\text{ m}}, v=0.03(10)2−0.6(10)−2.07=−5.07 m s−1.v=0.03(10)^2-0.6(10)-2.07=-5.07\text{ m s}^{-1}.

Thus the speed is 5.07 m s−1\boxed{5.07\text{ m s}^{-1}}.

解法二

思路

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也可将速度配方,直接看出最小值发生在t=10。

答题过程

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Differentiating and completing the square,

v= 0.03t2−0.6t−2.07= 0.03(t−10)2−5.07.\begin{align*} v=&\,0.03t^2-0.6t-2.07\\[4mm] =&\,0.03(t-10)^2-5.07. \end{align*}

Since the squared term is non-negative, the minimum velocity is −5.07 m s−1-5.07\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} at t=10t=10. Hence the speed is 5.07 m s−1\boxed{5.07\text{ m s}^{-1}}, and

s(10)=10−30−20.7=−40.7 m.s(10)=10-30-20.7=\boxed{-40.7\text{ m}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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反向发生在速度为零而非加速度零;解出负时间舍去,再求正时刻加速度。

答题过程

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At a change of direction, v=0v=0:

0.03t2−0.6t−2.07= 0,t2−20t−69= (t−23)(t+3)=0.\begin{align*} 0.03t^2-0.6t-2.07=&\,0,\\[4mm] t^2-20t-69=&\,(t-23)(t+3)=0. \end{align*}

Reject t=−3t=-3, since t≥0t\geq0. The velocity changes from negative to positive at t=23t=23. Therefore

a=0.06(23)−0.6=0.78 m s−2.a=0.06(23)-0.6=\boxed{0.78\text{ m s}^{-2}}.