题目
A particle of mass lies on a rough plane inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal. A horizontal force of magnitude acts on as shown in the diagram. The line of action of this horizontal force lies in a vertical plane which contains the line of greatest slope of the plane that passes through . The coefficient of friction between and the plane is .
is in equilibrium and on the point of sliding down the plane.
(a) Show that .
(b) Hence find the set of possible values of .
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的质点 位于粗糙斜面上,斜面与水平面成锐角 。一个大小为 的水平力作用于 ,如图所示。该水平力的作用线位于一个竖直平面内,该竖直平面包含斜面上经过 的最大坡度线。 与斜面之间的摩擦系数为 。
处于平衡状态,且恰好即将沿斜面向下滑动。
(a) 证明 。
(b) 由此求 的可能取值集合。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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即将下滑,摩擦沿坡向上。水平力既帮助上坡也压向斜面,分别列平行、垂直平衡。
答题过程
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Let be the friction and the normal contact force. Friction acts up the plane, and at limiting equilibrium .
Resolving perpendicular to the plane,
Resolving parallel to the plane,
Therefore
Since is acute, . Dividing numerator and denominator by gives
as required.
(b)
解法一
思路
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粗糙接触摩擦系数为正;锐角保证分母正,故只需分子正,再合并锐角范围。
答题过程
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For a rough plane, . Since , the denominator is positive. Hence
Thus the possible angles satisfy
with the lower boundary approximately .