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CIE 9709 2025 November Paper 45 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 45 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

An athlete runs along a straight horizontal road. The athlete starts from rest and accelerates at 0.5 m s−20.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} reaching a speed of V m s−1V\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The athlete maintains this speed of V m s−1V\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} for T sT\,\mathrm{s} before decelerating at 0.2 m s−20.2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} back to rest. The athlete covers a total distance of 1350 m1350\,\mathrm{m} in 246246 seconds.

(a) Sketch the velocity-time graph for the motion of the athlete.

(1)

(b) Find TT in terms of VV, and hence show that 7V2−492V+2700=07V^2-492V+2700=0.

(4)

(c) Find the value of VV, giving a justification for your answer.

(2)

题目中文翻译

一名运动员沿水平直路跑步。运动员从静止开始以 0.5 m s−20.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的加速度加速,达到 V m s−1V\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率。运动员以 V m s−1V\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率保持运动 T sT\,\mathrm{s},然后以 0.2 m s−20.2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的减速度减速至静止。运动员在 246246 秒内跑过的总路程为 1350 m1350\,\mathrm{m}。

(a) 画出运动员运动的速度—时间图的草图。

(1)

(b) 用 VV 表示 TT,并由此证明 7V2−492V+2700=07V^2-492V+2700=0。

(4)

(c) 求 VV 的值,并说明答案的理由。

(2)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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图是先上升、后水平、再下降到零的梯形;总时间246秒,最大速度V。

答题过程

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Draw a velocity-time graph with axes labelled t (s)t\,(\mathrm{s}) and v (m s−1)v\,(\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}). Join the points

(0,0),(2V,V),(246−5V,V),(246,0)(0,0),\quad(2V,V),\quad(246-5V,V),\quad(246,0)

with straight segments. Label the maximum velocity VV and the final time 246246; the initial gradient is 0.50.5 and the final gradient is −0.2-0.2.

(b)

解法一

思路

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先用三段运动时间之和求T,再用速度图的面积表示总路程。

答题过程

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The acceleration and deceleration times are

t1=V0.5=2V,t2=V0.2=5V.t_1=\frac V{0.5}=2V, \qquad t_2=\frac V{0.2}=5V.

Since the total time is 246 s246\,\mathrm{s},

T=246−7V.\boxed{T=246-7V}.

The area under the graph is the total distance, so

12(2V)V+VT+12(5V)V= 1350,V2+V(246−7V)+52V2= 1350,246V−72V2= 1350.\begin{align*} \frac12(2V)V+VT+\frac12(5V)V=&\,1350, \\[4mm] V^2+V(246-7V)+\frac52V^2=&\,1350, \\[4mm] 246V-\frac72V^2=&\,1350. \end{align*}

Multiplying by 22 and rearranging gives

7V2−492V+2700=0,\boxed{7V^2-492V+2700=0},

as required.

解法二

思路

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也可先用梯形面积求T,再把它代入总时间关系。

答题过程

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The trapezium has parallel sides of lengths 246246 and TT, and height VV. Thus

12(246+T)V=1350,T=2700V−246.\frac12(246+T)V=1350, \qquad\boxed{T=\frac{2700}{V}-246}.

The times spent accelerating and decelerating are 2V2V and 5V5V. Hence

2V+2700V−246+5V= 246,7V+2700V= 492.\begin{align*} 2V+\frac{2700}{V}-246+5V=&\,246, \\[4mm] 7V+\frac{2700}{V}=&\,492. \end{align*}

Since V>0V>0, multiplication by VV gives

7V2−492V+2700=0.\boxed{7V^2-492V+2700=0}.

(c)

解法一

思路

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解二次方程后必须检查匀速阶段的时间不能为负,不能只挑较小的根。

答题过程

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Factoring the equation from (b),

(V−6)(7V−450)=0.(V-6)(7V-450)=0.

The roots are V=6V=6 and V=450/7V=450/7. If V=450/7V=450/7, then

T=246−74507=−204,T=246-7\frac{450}{7}=-204,

which is impossible. For V=6V=6, T=246−42=204>0T=246-42=204>0. Therefore V=6\boxed{V=6}.