题目
A car of mass is moving on a straight road.
When the car is moving at a constant speed of on a horizontal section of the road, the engine of the car is working at .
When the car is moving at a constant speed of up a section of the road inclined at to the horizontal, the engine of the car is also working at .
On both sections of the road there is a constant force of magnitude resisting the motion of the car.
(a) Find the value of and the value of .
(b) Find the acceleration of the car when it is moving at up the inclined section of the road with the engine working at .
题目中文翻译
一辆质量为 的汽车在一条直路上行驶。
当汽车以 的恒定速率在水平路段行驶时,发动机的功率为 。
当汽车以 的恒定速率沿与水平面夹角为 的斜路段上行时,发动机的功率也为 。
在这两个路段上,汽车均受到大小为 的恒定阻力。
(a) 求 和 的值。
(b) 当汽车以 的速率沿斜路段上行,且发动机功率为 时,求汽车的加速度。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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两段都匀速,分别列驱动力等于总阻力;相同功率把两个驱动力联系起来。
答题过程
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On the horizontal section, the driving force equals , so
On the inclined section, the downslope weight component is , giving
Equating these expressions,
Thus
(b)
解法一
思路
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用新功率与瞬时速度求驱动力,再扣除阻力和重力下坡分量。
答题过程
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At speed , the driving force is . Taking up the slope as positive,
Hence , so the acceleration is up the slope.