题目
It is given that a curve has equation , where is a constant.
(a) Find, in terms of , the values of at which there is a stationary point.
The function has a stationary value at and is defined by
(b) Find the value of and determine the nature of the stationary value.
(c) The function is defined by for .
Determine, making your reasoning clear, whether is an increasing function, a decreasing function or neither.
题目中文翻译
已知一条曲线的方程为 ,其中 为常数。
(a) 用 表示曲线存在驻点时 的值。
函数 在 处有一个驻值,其定义为
(b) 求 的值,并判断该驻值的性质。
(c) 函数 定义为 ,其中 。
判断 是增函数、减函数还是两者皆非,并清楚说明理由。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
对倒数项用链式法则。令导数为零后,还要判断平方等式何时有实根,并避开分母为零处。
答题过程
展开
On the domain ,
Thus a stationary point requires . If , the two valid values are
If , the square cannot equal . If , the derivative on its domain is , so there are no stationary points in either case .
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
代入 后,用给定定义域筛选横坐标。最后用二阶导数判定极值性质。
答题过程
展开
The candidates from (a) are , namely and . Only is in , so . We have , giving . Therefore the stationary value is a local minimum.
(c)
解法一
思路
展开
直接求导。在整个定义域中检查两项的符号。
答题过程
展开
The derivative is . This is positive for every , so is increasing.
解法二
思路
展开
也可直接比较任意两个自变量对应的函数值。把差式通分,利用定义域判断正负。
答题过程
展开
For any ,
Both denominator factors and are positive, so is increasing on its domain.