题目
The diagram shows the circle with equation . The chord of the circle intersects the positive -axis at and is parallel to the -axis.
(a) Find, by calculation, the coordinates of and .
(b) Find the volume of revolution when the shaded segment, bounded by the circle and the chord , is rotated through about the -axis.
题目中文翻译
图中所示为方程为 的圆。圆的弦 与 轴正半轴相交于点 ,且平行于 轴。
(a) 通过计算求 和 的坐标。
(b) 求由圆和弦 围成的阴影弓形区域绕 轴旋转 所得旋转体的体积。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先用 求纵轴上的正交点。弦水平,因此另一端点有相同的纵坐标。
答题过程
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At , the equation gives , so . Substituting gives , hence or . The other endpoint is .
(b)
解法一
思路
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弓形绕横轴旋转后形成圆环截面。外半径取圆弧的高度,内半径取水平弦的高度。
答题过程
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For , the squared outer radius is , and the squared inner radius is . Thus the volume is
解法二
思路
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先把圆弧下方的区域旋转,再减去弦下方的圆柱体积。
答题过程
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The volume obtained by rotating the region under the upper circle arc from to is
The region below the chord produces a cylinder of radius and length , with volume . Hence the required volume is .