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CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 12 Q8

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 12 Paper · Question 8

题目

Problem

A geometric progression is such that its second term is −120-120 and its sum to infinity is 160.

(a) Find the common ratio.

[4]

(b) The first nine terms of the progression are now removed.

Find the sum to infinity of the remaining terms of the progression.

[3]
题目中文翻译

一个等比数列的第二项为 −120-120,其无穷和为 160。

(a) 求公比。

[4]

(b) 现在去掉该数列的前九项。

求剩余项的无穷和。

[3]

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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用无穷和公式把首项写成公比的函数,再代入第二项。无穷和存在要求 ∣r∣<1|r|<1。

答题过程

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Let the first term be aa and the common ratio be rr. Then ar=−120ar=-120 and a/(1−r)=160a/(1-r)=160, so a=160(1−r)a=160(1-r). Substituting gives

160r(1−r)=−120⟹4r2−4r−3=(2r+1)(2r−3)=0.160r(1-r)=-120 \quad\Longrightarrow\quad 4r^2-4r-3=(2r+1)(2r-3)=0.

Only r=−12r=-\frac12 satisfies ∣r∣<1|r|<1.

(b)

解法一

思路

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把原无穷和减去前九项的和。两项用同一个精确公比,化简时能消去相同的部分。

答题过程

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The first term is a=160(1+12)=240a=160(1+\frac12)=240. The first nine terms sum to

240(1−(−1/2)9)1−(−1/2)=160(1−(−1/2)9).\frac{240(1-(-1/2)^9)}{1-(-1/2)}=160(1-(-1/2)^9).

Subtracting from 160160 gives 160(−12)9=−516160(-\frac12)^9=-\frac5{16}.

解法二

思路

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剩下的项本身仍是等比数列。先算第十项,作为新数列的首项。

答题过程

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The tenth term is 240(−12)9=−1532240(-\frac12)^9=-\frac{15}{32}. The new progression has the same ratio −12-\frac12, so its sum to infinity is

−15/321−(−1/2)=−516.\frac{-15/32}{1-(-1/2)}=-\frac5{16}.