题目
The equation of a circle is
(a) State the centre and radius of the circle.
(b) The line intersects the circle at the points and .
Find the exact distance .
题目中文翻译
一个圆的方程为
(a) 写出该圆的圆心和半径。
(b) 直线 与该圆交于点 和 。
求距离 的精确值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
和圆的标准式比较。右边是半径的平方。
答题过程
展开
The centre is and the radius is .
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
把直线代入圆求两个端点,再用两点距离公式。
答题过程
展开
Substitute in the circle equation. This gives
The endpoints are and . Each coordinate changes by in magnitude, so the exact length is .
解法二
思路
展开
也可以先找圆心到弦的垂足。垂足平分弦,半径和圆心到弦的距离就能确定半弦长。
答题过程
展开
The perpendicular from the origin to is , meeting the chord at . Hence . The chord length is