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CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 11 Q9

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 11 Paper · Question 9

题目

Problem

The equation of a circle is x2+y2+6x−2y−26=0x^2+y^2+6x-2y-26=0.

(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of the circle and the radius. Hence find the coordinates of the lowest point on the circle.

(4)

(b) Find the set of values of the constant kk for which the line with equation y=kx−5y=kx-5 intersects the circle at two distinct points.

(6)
题目中文翻译

一个圆的方程为 x2+y2+6x−2y−26=0x^2+y^2+6x-2y-26=0。

(a) 求圆心的坐标和半径。由此求圆上最低点的坐标。

(4)

(b) 求常数 kk 的取值集合,使方程为 y=kx−5y=kx-5 的直线与圆交于两个不同的点。

(6)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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对两个坐标分别配方。最低点与圆心有相同的横坐标,纵坐标少一个半径。

答题过程

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Completing the squares gives (x+3)2+(y−1)2=36(x+3)^2+(y-1)^2=36. The centre is (−3,1)(-3,1) and the radius is 66. The lowest point is (−3,1−6)=(−3,−5)(-3,1-6)=(-3,-5).

(b)

解法一

思路

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代入直线方程得到关于 xx 的二次式。两个不同交点要求判别式严格大于零。

答题过程

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Substituting y=kx−5y=kx-5 in the circle gives (x+3)2+(kx−6)2=36(x+3)^2+(kx-6)^2=36, or

(1+k2)x2+(6−12k)x+9=0.(1+k^2)x^2+(6-12k)x+9=0.

The discriminant is (6−12k)2−36(1+k2)=36k(3k−4)(6-12k)^2-36(1+k^2)=36k(3k-4). It is positive exactly when k<0k<0 or k>4/3k>4/3. At the excluded endpoints the line is tangent.

解法二

思路

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也可比较圆心到直线的垂直距离和半径。距离严格小于半径时有两个不同的交点。

答题过程

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The perpendicular distance from (−3,1)(-3,1) to kx−y−5=0kx-y-5=0 is ∣3k+6∣/k2+1|3k+6|/\sqrt{k^2+1}. Requiring this to be less than 66 and squaring gives

(k+2)2<4(k2+1)⟺k(3k−4)>0.(k+2)^2<4(k^2+1)\quad\Longleftrightarrow\quad k(3k-4)>0.

Thus k<0k<0 or k>4/3k>4/3.