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CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 12 Q5

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 12 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The equation of a curve is y=4x2−kx+12k2y=4x^2-kx+\frac12k^2 and the equation of a line is y=x−ay=x-a, where kk and aa are constants.

(a) Given that the curve and the line intersect at the points with xx-coordinates 00 and 34\frac34, find the values of kk and aa.

(4)

(b) Given instead that a=−72a=-\frac72, find the values of kk for which the line is a tangent to the curve.

(5)
题目中文翻译

一条曲线的方程为 y=4x2−kx+12k2y=4x^2-kx+\frac12k^2,一条直线的方程为 y=x−ay=x-a,其中 kk 和 aa 为常数。

(a) 已知曲线与直线相交于 xx 坐标分别为 00 和 34\frac34 的两点,求 kk 和 aa 的值。

(4)

(b) 改为已知 a=−72a=-\frac72,求使直线与曲线相切的 kk 的值。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先代入横坐标 00,令交点方程的常数项为零。再代入另一个横坐标求 kk。

答题过程

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The intersection equation is

4x2−(k+1)x+k22+a=0.4x^2-(k+1)x+\frac{k^2}{2}+a=0.

At x=0x=0, it gives k2/2+a=0k^2/2+a=0. At x=3/4x=3/4, we then have 4(3/4)2−(k+1)(3/4)=04(3/4)^2-(k+1)(3/4)=0, so k+1=3k+1=3 and k=2k=2. Thus a=−2a=-2.

解法二

思路

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也可以用两个根直接写出二次式的因式分解,再比较系数。

答题过程

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The quadratic for the intersections has leading coefficient 44 and roots 00 and 3/43/4, so it equals 4x(x−3/4)=4x2−3x4x(x-3/4)=4x^2-3x. Comparing with 4x2−(k+1)x+k2/2+a4x^2-(k+1)x+k^2/2+a gives k+1=3k+1=3 and k2/2+a=0k^2/2+a=0. Hence k=2k=2 and a=−2a=-2.

(b)

解法一

思路

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改用题目指定的新 aa。相切使交点二次方程的判别式为零。

答题过程

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For a=−7/2a=-7/2, the discriminant is

(k+1)2−16(k22−72)=−7k2+2k+57.(k+1)^2-16\Big(\frac{k^2}{2}-\frac72\Big)=-7k^2+2k+57.

Tangency requires 7k2−2k−57=(k−3)(7k+19)=07k^2-2k-57=(k-3)(7k+19)=0. Thus k=3k=3 or k=−19/7k=-19/7.

解法二

思路

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也可以先令曲线的导数等于直线斜率,确定切点横坐标,再要求纵坐标相同。

答题过程

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At tangency, 8x−k=18x-k=1, so x=(k+1)/8x=(k+1)/8. At this value the difference between curve and line is

 4x2−(k+1)x+k22−72= −(k+1)216+k22−72.\begin{align*} &\,4x^2-(k+1)x+\frac{k^2}{2}-\frac72\\ =&\,-\frac{(k+1)^2}{16}+\frac{k^2}{2}-\frac72. \end{align*}

Equating it to zero gives (k−3)(7k+19)=0(k-3)(7k+19)=0. Both roots make the line pass through the point of matching gradient, so k=3k=3 or −19/7-19/7.