题目
The equation of a curve is and the equation of a line is , where and are constants.
(a) Given that the curve and the line intersect at the points with -coordinates and , find the values of and .
(b) Given instead that , find the values of for which the line is a tangent to the curve.
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 ,一条直线的方程为 ,其中 和 为常数。
(a) 已知曲线与直线相交于 坐标分别为 和 的两点,求 和 的值。
(b) 改为已知 ,求使直线与曲线相切的 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
先代入横坐标 ,令交点方程的常数项为零。再代入另一个横坐标求 。
答题过程
展开
The intersection equation is
At , it gives . At , we then have , so and . Thus .
解法二
思路
展开
也可以用两个根直接写出二次式的因式分解,再比较系数。
答题过程
展开
The quadratic for the intersections has leading coefficient and roots and , so it equals . Comparing with gives and . Hence and .
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
改用题目指定的新 。相切使交点二次方程的判别式为零。
答题过程
展开
For , the discriminant is
Tangency requires . Thus or .
解法二
思路
展开
也可以先令曲线的导数等于直线斜率,确定切点横坐标,再要求纵坐标相同。
答题过程
展开
At tangency, , so . At this value the difference between curve and line is
Equating it to zero gives . Both roots make the line pass through the point of matching gradient, so or .