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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Q12

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Paper · Question 12

题目

Problem

The diagram shows a circle PP with centre (0,2)(0,2) and radius 1010 and the tangent to the circle at the point AA with coordinates (6,10)(6,10). It also shows a second circle QQ with centre at the point where this tangent meets the yy-axis and with radius 525\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{5}.

(a) Write down the equation of circle PP.

[1]

(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle PP at AA.

[2]

(c) Find the equation of circle QQ and hence verify that the yy-coordinates of both of the points of intersection of the two circles are 1111.

[3]

(d) Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the tangent and circle QQ, giving the answers in surd form.

[3]
题目中文翻译

图中显示圆 PP,其圆心为 (0,2)(0,2)、半径为 1010,并显示圆在点 A(6,10)A(6,10) 处的切线。图中还显示第二个圆 QQ,其圆心为这条切线与 yy 轴的交点,半径为 525\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{5}。

(a) 写出圆 PP 的方程。

[1]

(b) 求圆 PP 在 AA 点处的切线方程。

[2]

(c) 求圆 QQ 的方程,并由此验证两个圆的两个交点的 yy 坐标均为 1111。

[3]

(d) 求该切线与圆 QQ 的交点坐标,答案用根式形式表示。

[3]

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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把圆心和半径直接代入圆的标准方程。

答题过程

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The equation of PP is x2+(y−2)2=100x^2+(y-2)^2=100.

(b)

解法一

思路

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圆心到 AA 的半径与切线垂直。先求半径斜率,再取负倒数。

答题过程

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The radius to A=(6,10)A=(6,10) has slope (10−2)/6=4/3(10-2)/6=4/3. Therefore the tangent is y−10=−34(x−6)y-10=-\frac34(x-6), or y=−34x+292y=-\frac34x+\frac{29}2.

解法二

思路

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AA 在圆的上半部分,可先把上半圆写成显函数,再求导得到切线斜率。

答题过程

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Near A=(6,10)A=(6,10), the upper half of PP is

y=2+100−x2.y=2+\sqrt{100-x^2}.

Differentiating,

dydx=−x100−x2.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=-\frac{x}{\sqrt{100-x^2}}.

At x=6x=6, the gradient is −6/8=−3/4-6/8=-3/4. Thus the tangent is y−10=−3(x−6)/4y-10=-3(x-6)/4, or y=−3x/4+29/2y=-3x/4+29/2.

(c)

解法一

思路

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切线的纵截距就是圆 QQ 的圆心。联立两圆时,把方程相减,二次项会消掉。

答题过程

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The centre of QQ is (0,29/2)(0,29/2) and its squared radius is 125/4125/4. Hence

Q:x2+(y−29/2)2=125/4.Q:\quad x^2+(y-29/2)^2=125/4.

Expanding gives x2+y2−29y+179=0x^2+y^2-29y+179=0 for QQ, and x2+y2−4y−96=0x^2+y^2-4y-96=0 for PP. Subtracting gives −25y+275=0-25y+275=0, so y=11y=11. In PP this yields x2=19x^2=19, giving two points with that same height.

(d)

解法一

思路

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把切线代入圆 QQ。由于切线经过 QQ 的圆心,代入后纵坐标的常数项正好抵消。

答题过程

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Substituting y−29/2=−3x/4y-29/2=-3x/4 into QQ gives

x2+916x2=1254⟹x2=20.x^2+\frac9{16}x^2=\frac{125}4 \quad\Longrightarrow\quad x^2=20.

For x=25x=2\sqrt5, the tangent gives y=(29−35)/2y=(29-3\sqrt5)/2. For x=−25x=-2\sqrt5, it gives y=(29+35)/2y=(29+3\sqrt5)/2. The two intersections are

(25,29−352),(−25,29+352).\Big(2\sqrt5,\frac{29-3\sqrt5}{2}\Big),\qquad \Big(-2\sqrt5,\frac{29+3\sqrt5}{2}\Big).