The diagram shows a sector ABC of a circle with centre A and radius 8 cm. The area of the sector is 316π cm2. The point D lies on the arc BC.
Find the perimeter of the segment BCD.
[4]
题目中文翻译
图中显示圆心为 A、半径为 8 cm 的圆扇形 ABC。该扇形的面积为 316π cm2。点 D 在弧 BC 上。
求弓形 BCD 的周长。
[4]
解答
解法一
思路
展开
先用扇形面积求圆心角。弓形周长由弧和弦组成,半弦可用等腰三角形中的半角求得。
答题过程
展开
If ϕ is the sector angle, 21(8)2ϕ=16π/3, so ϕ=π/6. The arc length is 8ϕ=4π/3. Bisecting the isosceles triangle gives half the chord as 8sin(π/12). Thus the perimeter of the segment is
34π+16sin(π/12)≈8.33 cm.
解法二
思路
展开
弦长也可用余弦定理求。三角形的两腰都是 8,夹角已由扇形面积确定。
答题过程
展开
The area gives 32ϕ=16π/3, hence ϕ=π/6. By the cosine rule,
BC2=82+82−2(8)(8)cos(π/6)=128−643.
Adding the chord to the arc gives 128−643+4π/3≈8.33 cm.
解法三
思路
展开
从 C 向 AB 作垂线。先求这个直角三角形的高和水平投影,再用剩余底边与高求弦长。
答题过程
展开
The sector area gives θ=π/6 and arc length 8θ=4π/3. Let E be the foot of the perpendicular from C to AB. Then
CE=8sin(π/6)=4,AE=8cos(π/6)=43.
Since AE<AB=8, BE=8−43. By Pythagoras in triangle BEC,
BC=(8−43)2+42.
Hence the segment perimeter is (8−43)2+16+4π/3≈8.33 cm.
解法四
思路
展开
等腰三角形的两个底角相等。由圆心角求底角后,正弦定理直接给出弦长。
答题过程
展开
The sector area gives θ=π/6, so the arc length is 4π/3. Since AB=AC=8, the angles at B and C are both (π−π/6)/2=5π/12. The sine rule gives
sin(π/6)BC=sin(5π/12)8.
Thus the segment perimeter is 8sin(π/6)/sin(5π/12)+4π/3≈8.33 cm.