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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Q4

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

The diagram shows a sector ABCABC of a circle with centre AA and radius 8 cm8\text{ cm}. The area of the sector is 163π cm2\frac{16}{3}\pi\text{ cm}^2. The point DD lies on the arc BCBC.

Find the perimeter of the segment BCDBCD.

[4]
题目中文翻译

图中显示圆心为 AA、半径为 8 cm8\text{ cm} 的圆扇形 ABCABC。该扇形的面积为 163π cm2\frac{16}{3}\pi\text{ cm}^2。点 DD 在弧 BCBC 上。

求弓形 BCDBCD 的周长。

[4]

解答

解法一

思路

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先用扇形面积求圆心角。弓形周长由弧和弦组成,半弦可用等腰三角形中的半角求得。

答题过程

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If ϕ\phi is the sector angle, 12(8)2ϕ=16π/3\frac12(8)^2\phi=16\pi/3, so ϕ=π/6\phi=\pi/6. The arc length is 8ϕ=4π/38\phi=4\pi/3. Bisecting the isosceles triangle gives half the chord as 8sin⁡(π/12)8\sin(\pi/12). Thus the perimeter of the segment is

4π3+16sin⁡(π/12)≈8.33 cm.\frac{4\pi}3+16\sin(\pi/12)\approx8.33\text{ cm}.

解法二

思路

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弦长也可用余弦定理求。三角形的两腰都是 88,夹角已由扇形面积确定。

答题过程

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The area gives 32ϕ=16π/332\phi=16\pi/3, hence ϕ=π/6\phi=\pi/6. By the cosine rule,

BC2=82+82−2(8)(8)cos⁡(π/6)=128−643.BC^2=8^2+8^2-2(8)(8)\cos(\pi/6)=128-64\sqrt3.

Adding the chord to the arc gives 128−643+4π/3≈8.33\sqrt{128-64\sqrt3}+4\pi/3\approx8.33 cm.

解法三

思路

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从 CC 向 ABAB 作垂线。先求这个直角三角形的高和水平投影,再用剩余底边与高求弦长。

答题过程

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The sector area gives θ=π/6\theta=\pi/6 and arc length 8θ=4π/38\theta=4\pi/3. Let EE be the foot of the perpendicular from CC to ABAB. Then

CE=8sin⁡(π/6)=4,AE=8cos⁡(π/6)=43.CE=8\sin(\pi/6)=4,\qquad AE=8\cos(\pi/6)=4\sqrt3.

Since AE<AB=8AE<AB=8, BE=8−43BE=8-4\sqrt3. By Pythagoras in triangle BECBEC,

BC=(8−43)2+42.BC=\sqrt{(8-4\sqrt3)^2+4^2}.

Hence the segment perimeter is (8−43)2+16+4π/3≈8.33\sqrt{(8-4\sqrt3)^2+16}+4\pi/3\approx8.33 cm.

解法四

思路

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等腰三角形的两个底角相等。由圆心角求底角后,正弦定理直接给出弦长。

答题过程

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The sector area gives θ=π/6\theta=\pi/6, so the arc length is 4π/34\pi/3. Since AB=AC=8AB=AC=8, the angles at BB and CC are both (π−π/6)/2=5π/12(\pi-\pi/6)/2=5\pi/12. The sine rule gives

BCsin⁡(π/6)=8sin⁡(5π/12).\frac{BC}{\sin(\pi/6)}=\frac8{\sin(5\pi/12)}.

Thus the segment perimeter is 8sin⁡(π/6)/sin⁡(5π/12)+4π/3≈8.338\sin(\pi/6)/\sin(5\pi/12)+4\pi/3\approx8.33 cm.