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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Q5

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 11 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The line with equation y=kx−ky=kx-k, where kk is a positive constant, is a tangent to the curve with equation y=−12xy=-\frac{1}{2x}.

Find, in either order, the value of kk and the coordinates of the point where the tangent meets the curve.

[5]
题目中文翻译

直线 y=kx−ky=kx-k 是曲线 y=−12xy=-\frac{1}{2x} 的切线,其中 kk 为正常数。

求 kk 的值,以及该切线与曲线相切处的点的坐标。两者可按任意顺序给出。

[5]

解答

解法一

思路

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将直线与曲线联立。相切意味着二次方程只有一个实根,可先用判别式找 kk。

答题过程

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At a common point, kx−k=−1/(2x)kx-k=-1/(2x) with x≠0x\ne0, giving

2kx2−2kx+1=0.2kx^2-2kx+1=0.

For tangency the discriminant is zero, so 4k2−8k=04k^2-8k=0. Since k>0k>0, k=2k=2. The resulting equation is (2x−1)2=0(2x-1)^2=0, so x=1/2x=1/2. Then y=−1y=-1, and the contact point is (1/2,−1)(1/2,-1).

解法二

思路

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也可以利用切点处导数等于直线斜率。把导数写成 kk,再代回切点的坐标关系。

答题过程

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At the contact point, k=12x2k=\frac1{2x^2}. Since the same point lies on both graphs,

x−12x2=−12x.\frac{x-1}{2x^2}=-\frac1{2x}.

Multiplying by 2x22x^2 gives x−1=−xx-1=-x, so x=1/2x=1/2. Therefore k=2k=2 and y=−1y=-1.