Water is poured into a tank at a constant rate of 500 cm3 per second. The depth of water in the tank, t seconds after filling starts, is h cm. When the depth of water in the tank is h cm, the volume, V cm3, of water in the tank is given by the formula V=34(25+h)3−362500.
(a) Find the rate at which h is increasing at the instant when h=10 cm.
[3]
(b) At another instant, the rate at which h is increasing is 0.075 cm per second.
Find the value of V at this instant.
[3]
题目中文翻译
水以每秒 500 cm3 的恒定速率注入水箱。开始注水 t 秒后,水箱中水的深度为 h cm。当水深为 h cm 时,水箱中水的体积 V cm3 由公式 V=34(25+h)3−362500 给出。
(a) 求当 h=10 cm 时,h 的增加速率。
[3]
(b) 在另一个时刻,h 的增加速率为每秒 0.075 cm。
求此时 V 的值。
[3]
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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用链式法则联系注水速度和水深的变化率。公式里的常数项求导后为零。
答题过程
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We have dhdV=4(25+h)2. At h=10 this is 4900. Therefore
500==dtdV4900dtdh,dtdh=≈4950.102 cm s−1.
(b)
解法一
思路
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仍用链式法则,但这次已知水深的变化率。先求 25+h,按水深非负取正根,再回代体积。
答题过程
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The chain rule gives
500=4(25+h)2(0.075),
so (25+h)2=5000/3. Since h≥0, take the positive root:
h=35000−25≈15.824829.
Substituting without rounding the intermediate value,