In the diagram, AOD and BC are two parallel straight lines. Arc AB is part of a circle with centre O and radius 15 cm. Angle BOA=θ radians. Arc CD is part of a circle with centre O and radius 10 cm. Angle COD=21π radians.
(a) Show that θ=0.7297, correct to 4 decimal places.
[1]
(b) Find the perimeter and the area of the shape ABCD. Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.
[7]
题目中文翻译
如图,AOD 和 BC 是两条平行直线。弧 AB 是以 O 为圆心、半径为 15 cm 的圆的一部分。角 BOA=θ 弧度。弧 CD 是以 O 为圆心、半径为 10 cm 的圆的一部分。角 COD=21π 弧度。
(a) 证明 θ=0.7297,精确到 4 位小数。
[1]
(b) 求图形 ABCD 的周长和面积。答案精确到 3 位有效数字。
[7]
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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两条平行线之间的距离是 OC=10。在以 OB 为斜边的直角三角形中,这个距离是 θ 的对边。
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Since BC is parallel to AD, B is 10 cm above AD. As OB=15 and the angle shown is acute,
θ=sin−1(10/15)=0.7297
radians to four decimal places.
(b)
解法一
思路
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周长由两段直边与两段圆弧组成。面积把图形分成两个扇形和直角三角形 OBC。
答题过程
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In right triangle OBC,
BC=152−102=55.
Also AD=15+10=25. The arc lengths are 15θ and 10(π/2)=5π, so the perimeter is
25+55+15θ+5π≈62.8 cm.
Adding the two sector areas and the triangle area gives
≈21(15)2θ+21(10)22π+21(10)(55)217 cm2.
Both approximations use the unrounded angle and are given to three significant figures.