题目
(a) The second, fourth and last terms of an arithmetic progression are , and respectively.
Find the sum of all of the terms in the progression.
(b) The second, third and fourth terms of a geometric progression are , and respectively, where is a negative constant.
(i) Find the value of .
(ii) Find the sum to infinity of the progression.
题目中文翻译
(a) 一个等差数列的第二项、第四项和末项分别为 、 和 。
求该数列所有项的和。
(b) 一个等比数列的第二项、第三项和第四项分别为 、 和 ,其中 为负常数。
(i) 求 的值。
(ii) 求该数列的无穷和。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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第二项到第四项相差两个公差。求出首项和末项的项号后,用首末项平均数求和。
答题过程
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The common difference is , so the first term is . If the last term is term , then , giving . Hence the sum is
(b)(i)
解法一
思路
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连续三项为等比数列时,中项的平方等于两端之积。只保留负的 。
答题过程
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We have , so . Since , .
解法二
思路
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先以公比为未知数。第二项已知为 ,所以第三、第四项可分别写成 、。
答题过程
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Let the common ratio be . The third term gives , so . Using the fourth term,
Thus or , giving or , respectively. Since , the required value is .
(b)(ii)
解法一
思路
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用第二、第三项求公比,再从第二项退回首项。
答题过程
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With , the third term is , so the ratio is . The first term is . Since , the sum to infinity is .