题目
In the diagram, is a chord of the circle with equation . The two tangents to the circle with equations and meet the circle at the points and respectively.
(a) Find the coordinates of the points and .
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the area of the shaded region. Give your answer to significant figures.
题目中文翻译
图中, 是圆 的一条弦。该圆的两条切线 和 分别在点 和 处与圆相切。
(a) 求点 和 的坐标。
(b) 由此或用其他方法,求阴影区域的面积。答案保留 位有效数字。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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每条切线都与过切点的半径垂直。由圆心和负倒数斜率写出半径方程,再分别求交。
答题过程
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The centre is . Since the tangent at has gradient , the radius line has equation . Intersecting it with gives . The tangent at has gradient , so the radius line is . Intersecting it with gives .
解法二
思路
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也可以把切线方程代入圆。切线与圆只有一个交点,二次式会出现重根。
答题过程
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Substituting in the circle equation gives , hence and . Substituting gives , hence and . Thus and .
(b)
解法一
思路
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弦的中点把圆心角平分。由半弦长和圆心到弦的距离求圆心角,再用扇形面积减三角形面积。
答题过程
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The chord midpoint is . Hence , , and the central angle is radians. The shaded segment has area
to three significant figures.