题目
Circles and have equations
and
respectively.
(a) Find the distance between the centres of the circles.
and are points on and respectively. The distance between and is denoted by .
(b) Find the greatest and least possible values of .
题目中文翻译
圆 和 的方程分别为
和
(a) 求两个圆心之间的距离。
点 和点 分别在 和 上。点 与点 之间的距离记为 。
(b) 求 的最大可能值和最小可能值。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先把第一个圆的方程配方,再从两个圆的标准式读出圆心。圆心距离用两点距离公式求。
答题过程
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Completing the squares for gives
The two centres are and . Their separation is .
(b)
解法一
思路
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两个圆外离。最近的两点沿圆心连线彼此面对,最远的两点则在圆心连线的相反两端。
答题过程
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The radii are and and the centre distance is . By the triangle inequality, . Applying it to the route through and between the two centres gives , so . Both bounds are attained by placing and on the line of centres. The greatest value is and the least is .