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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 12 Q10

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 12 Paper · Question 10

题目

Problem

A function f\mathrm{f} with domain x>0x>0 is such that f′(x)=8(2x−3)13−10x23\mathrm{f}'(x)=8(2x-3)^{\frac{1}{3}}-10x^{\frac{2}{3}}. It is given that the curve with equation y=f(x)y=\mathrm{f}(x) passes through the point (1,0)(1,0).

(a) Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point (1,0)(1,0).

[3]

(b) Find f(x)\mathrm{f}(x).

[4]

It is given that the equation f′(x)=0\mathrm{f}'(x)=0 can be expressed in the form

125x2−128x+192=0.125x^2-128x+192=0.

(c) Determine, making your reasoning clear, whether f\mathrm{f} is an increasing function, a decreasing function or neither.

[3]
题目中文翻译

函数 f\mathrm{f} 的定义域为 x>0x>0,且 f′(x)=8(2x−3)13−10x23\mathrm{f}'(x)=8(2x-3)^{\frac{1}{3}}-10x^{\frac{2}{3}}。已知方程为 y=f(x)y=\mathrm{f}(x) 的曲线经过点 (1,0)(1,0)。

(a) 求曲线在点 (1,0)(1,0) 处的法线方程。

(b) 求 f(x)\mathrm{f}(x)。

已知方程 f′(x)=0\mathrm{f}'(x)=0 可以表示为

125x2−128x+192=0.125x^2-128x+192=0.

(c) 判断 f\mathrm{f} 是增函数、减函数还是都不是,并清楚说明理由。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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在 x=1x=1 处先算切线斜率。立方根保留符号,因此 (−1)1/3=−1(-1)^{1/3}=-1。

答题过程

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We have f′(1)=8(−1)−10=−18f'(1)=8(-1)-10=-18. The normal through (1,0)(1,0) has gradient 1/181/18, so its equation is y=118(x−1)y=\frac1{18}(x-1).

(b)

解法一

思路

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逐项积分。第一项的内层为 2x−32x-3,积分时要除以它的导数 22,再用已知点求常数。

答题过程

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Integrating gives

f(x)=3(2x−3)4/3−6x5/3+C,f(x)=3(2x-3)^{4/3}-6x^{5/3}+C,

with fractional powers taken using the real cube root. The first term is differentiable even at 2x−3=02x-3=0, where its derivative is zero. Since f(1)=0f(1)=0, we have 3−6+C=03-6+C=0, so

f(x)=3(2x−3)4/3−6x5/3+3.f(x)=3(2x-3)^{4/3}-6x^{5/3}+3.

(c)

解法一

思路

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先用题给的二次方程判断导数是否有零点。导数在 x>0x>0 连续,因此没有零点就不能变号;用 x=1x=1 处的值确定符号。

答题过程

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The discriminant of 125x2−128x+192=0125x^2-128x+192=0 is

1282−4(125)(192)=−79616<0.128^2-4(125)(192)=-79616<0.

Consequently f′(x)f'(x) has no zero. The real fractional powers make f′f' continuous throughout x>0x>0. Since f′(1)=−18<0f'(1)=-18<0, it is negative everywhere on this interval. Therefore ff is strictly decreasing.