题目
Problem
(a) By expressing −2x2+8x+11 in the form −a(x−b)2+c, where a, b and c are positive integers, find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph with equation y=−2x2+8x+11.
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(b)
The diagram shows part of the curve with equation y=−2x2+8x+11 and the line with equation y=8x+9.
Find the area of the shaded region.
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题目中文翻译
(a) 将 −2x2+8x+11 表示为 −a(x−b)2+c 的形式,其中 a、b、c 为正整数,并由此求方程 y=−2x2+8x+11 的图像顶点坐标。
(b) 图中显示曲线 y=−2x2+8x+11 的一部分,以及直线 y=8x+9。
求阴影区域的面积。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先提出 −2,再对括号内的二次式配方。顶点的横坐标使平方项为零。
答题过程
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−2x2+8x+11=−2((x−2)2−4)+11=−2(x−2)2+19.
Thus a=2, b=2 and c=19, and the vertex is (2,19).
(b)
解法一
思路
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先联立两式求阴影左右端点。上下高度相减后,一次项会消去。
答题过程
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The vertical difference between the parabola and the line is
(−2x2+8x+11)−(8x+9)=2−2x2.
It is zero at x=±1 and positive between them. The shaded area is
=∫−11(2−2x2)dx[2x−32x3]−11=38.
解法二
思路
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也可以分别求曲线与直线下面的面积。直线下方是一块梯形,可以直接用两端高度算面积。
答题过程
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The graphs meet at x=−1 and x=1. Over this interval, the area below the parabola is
[−32x3+4x2+11x]−11=362.
The area below the line is the trapezium with parallel sides 1 and 17 and width 2, so it is 18. The shaded area is 362−18=38.