题目
Problem
The equation of a curve is y=21k2x2−2kx+2 and the equation of a line is y=kx+p, where k and p are constants with 0<k<1.
(a) It is given that one of the points of intersection of the curve and the line has coordinates (25,21).
Find the values of k and p, and find the coordinates of the other point of intersection.
[7]
(b) It is given instead that the line and the curve do not intersect.
Find the set of possible values of p.
[3]
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 y=21k2x2−2kx+2,一条直线的方程为 y=kx+p,其中 k 和 p 是常数,且 0<k<1。
(a) 已知曲线与直线的一个交点坐标为 (25,21)。
求 k 和 p 的值,并求另一个交点的坐标。
(b) 改为已知该直线与曲线不相交。
求 p 的所有可能取值。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先把已知交点代入曲线,确定 k。用 u=kx 简化代数,再用直线方程确定 p。
答题过程
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Write u=kx. Then the curve is y=21(u−2)2. At (25,21), we have (u−2)2=1, so u=1 or 3. This would give k=52 or 56. Only k=52 is in (0,1). The line then gives 21=1+p, so p=−21.
The intersections satisfy
21u2−2u+2=u−21⟹(u−1)(u−5)=0.
The other intersection has u=5, hence x=5/(52)=225 and y=5−21=29. It is (225,29).
(b)
解法一
思路
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联立后,若关于 x 的二次方程没有实根,直线和曲线就不相交。注意 k2>0,判断判别式符号时可以约掉它。
答题过程
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The equation of intersection is
21k2x2−3kx+2−p=0.
Its discriminant is
(−3k)2−4(21k2)(2−p)=k2(5+2p).
With k2>0, it is negative precisely when 5+2p<0. Thus the required set is p<−25.