The equation of a curve is y=kx21−4x2+2, where k is a constant.
(a) Find dxdy and dx2d2y in terms of k.
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(b) It is given that k=2.
Find the coordinates of the stationary point and determine its nature.
[4]
(c) Points A and B on the curve have x-coordinates 0.25 and 1 respectively. For a different value of k, the tangents to the curve at the points A and B meet at a point with x-coordinate 0.6.
Find this value of k.
[6]
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 y=kx21−4x2+2,其中 k 是常数。
(a) 用 k 表示 dxdy 和 dx2d2y。
(b) 已知 k=2。
求驻点的坐标,并判断其性质。
(c) 曲线上的点 A 和 B 的 x 坐标分别为 0.25 和 1。对于另一个 k 的值,曲线在 A 和 B 点处的切线相交于一个 x 坐标为 0.6 的点。
求这个 k 的值。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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对幂函数逐项求导,常数 k 保留。分数指数求导后变为负指数。
答题过程
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For x>0,
dxdy=2kx−1/2−8x,dx2d2y=−4kx−3/2−8.
(b)
解法一
思路
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代入 k=2,令一阶导数为零。找到横坐标后,回代原式求纵坐标,再用二阶导数判断。
答题过程
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For k=2, the stationary-point condition is x−1/2=8x, so x3/2=81 and x=41. The height is
241−4(41)2+2=411.
The second derivative is −21x−3/2−8<0 for x>0, so (41,411) is a local maximum.
(c)
解法一
思路
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交点的横坐标已知,所以只要把它代入两条切线,并令得到的两个纵坐标相等。
答题过程
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At x=41, the height is 2k+47 and the gradient is k−2. At x=1, the height is k−2 and the gradient is 2k−8. At their common horizontal coordinate 53, the two tangent heights are therefore equal:
=(2k+47)+(k−2)207(k−2)+(2k−8)(−52).
This simplifies to 2017k+21=2016k+24, so k=3. The slopes at this value are distinct, confirming the tangents meet at one point.