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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 13 Q11

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 13 Paper · Question 11

题目

Problem

The equation of a curve is y=kx12−4x2+2y = kx^{\frac{1}{2}} - 4x^2 + 2, where kk is a constant.

(a) Find dydx\frac{dy}{dx} and d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} in terms of kk.

[2]

(b) It is given that k=2k = 2.

Find the coordinates of the stationary point and determine its nature.

[4]

(c) Points AA and BB on the curve have xx-coordinates 0.25 and 1 respectively. For a different value of kk, the tangents to the curve at the points AA and BB meet at a point with xx-coordinate 0.6.

Find this value of kk.

[6]
题目中文翻译

一条曲线的方程为 y=kx12−4x2+2y = kx^{\frac{1}{2}} - 4x^2 + 2,其中 kk 是常数。

(a) 用 kk 表示 dydx\frac{dy}{dx} 和 d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}。

(b) 已知 k=2k = 2。

求驻点的坐标,并判断其性质。

(c) 曲线上的点 AA 和 BB 的 xx 坐标分别为 0.25 和 1。对于另一个 kk 的值,曲线在 AA 和 BB 点处的切线相交于一个 xx 坐标为 0.6 的点。

求这个 kk 的值。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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对幂函数逐项求导,常数 kk 保留。分数指数求导后变为负指数。

答题过程

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For x>0x>0,

dydx=k2x−1/2−8x,d2ydx2=−k4x−3/2−8.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=\frac{k}{2}x^{-1/2}-8x, \qquad \frac{\mathrm{d}^2y}{\mathrm{d}x^2}=-\frac{k}{4}x^{-3/2}-8.

(b)

解法一

思路

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代入 k=2k=2,令一阶导数为零。找到横坐标后,回代原式求纵坐标,再用二阶导数判断。

答题过程

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For k=2k=2, the stationary-point condition is x−1/2=8xx^{-1/2}=8x, so x3/2=18x^{3/2}=\frac18 and x=14x=\frac14. The height is

214−4(14)2+2=114.2\sqrt{\frac14}-4\Big(\frac14\Big)^2+2=\frac{11}4.

The second derivative is −12x−3/2−8<0-\frac12x^{-3/2}-8<0 for x>0x>0, so (14,114)\Big(\frac14,\frac{11}4\Big) is a local maximum.

(c)

解法一

思路

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交点的横坐标已知,所以只要把它代入两条切线,并令得到的两个纵坐标相等。

答题过程

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At x=14x=\frac14, the height is k2+74\frac k2+\frac74 and the gradient is k−2k-2. At x=1x=1, the height is k−2k-2 and the gradient is k2−8\frac k2-8. At their common horizontal coordinate 35\frac35, the two tangent heights are therefore equal:

 (k2+74)+(k−2)720= (k−2)+(k2−8)(−25).\begin{align*} &\,\Big(\frac k2+\frac74\Big)+(k-2)\frac7{20}\\ =&\,(k-2)+\Big(\frac k2-8\Big)\Big(-\frac25\Big). \end{align*}

This simplifies to 17k+2120=16k+2420\frac{17k+21}{20}=\frac{16k+24}{20}, so k=3k=3. The slopes at this value are distinct, confirming the tangents meet at one point.