题目
The diagram shows a metal plate consisting of five parts. The parts and are semicircles. The part is a sector of a circle with centre and radius 20 cm, and lies on this circle. The parts and are triangles. Angles and are both radians.
(a) Given that , find the area of the metal plate. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
(b) Given instead that the area of each semicircle is , find the exact perimeter of the metal plate.
题目中文翻译
图中显示一个金属板 ,由五个部分组成。部分 和 是半圆。部分 是一个圆心为 、半径为 20 cm 的扇形,且 在这个圆上。部分 和 是三角形。角 和 都为 弧度。
(a) 已知 ,求金属板的面积。答案精确到 3 位有效数字。
(b) 改为已知每个半圆的面积为 ,求金属板的精确周长。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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把金属板分成大扇形、两个等腰三角形和两个半圆。弦 的长度是半圆直径,因此用半个圆心角先求半圆半径。
答题过程
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The major sector has angle . Its area is . The triangles and together have area .
Bisecting either isosceles triangle gives half the chord length . This is the radius of each semicircle. The two semicircles together have area . Hence the total area is
to three significant figures.
(b)
解法一
思路
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先从半圆面积求半径,再用弦的长度反推 。周长只包括大圆弧和两个半圆弧。
答题过程
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If is the semicircle radius, gives . Thus . As , triangle is equilateral, so . The major arc has length . Each semicircular arc has length . The total perimeter is therefore