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CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 11 Q5

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 11 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

(a) Show that tan⁡4θ−1≡1−2cos⁡2θcos⁡4θ\tan^4\theta-1\equiv\frac{1-2\cos^2\theta}{\cos^4\theta}.

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(b) Hence solve the equation cos⁡2θ(tan⁡4θ−1)=7\cos^2\theta(\tan^4\theta-1)=7 for 0∘<θ<180∘0^\circ<\theta<180^\circ.

[4]
题目中文翻译

(a) 证明 tan⁡4θ−1≡1−2cos⁡2θcos⁡4θ\tan^4\theta-1\equiv\frac{1-2\cos^2\theta}{\cos^4\theta}。

(b) 由此解方程 cos⁡2θ(tan⁡4θ−1)=7\cos^2\theta(\tan^4\theta-1)=7,其中 0∘<θ<180∘0^\circ<\theta<180^\circ。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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把正切改写成正弦与余弦的比。通分后,分子是两个平方的差,可用平方恒等式约简。

答题过程

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For cos⁡θ≠0\cos\theta\ne0,

tan⁡4θ−1= sin⁡4θ−cos⁡4θcos⁡4θ= (sin⁡2θ−cos⁡2θ)(sin⁡2θ+cos⁡2θ)cos⁡4θ= 1−2cos⁡2θcos⁡4θ.\begin{align*} \tan^4\theta-1 =&\,\frac{\sin^4\theta-\cos^4\theta}{\cos^4\theta}\\ =&\,\frac{(\sin^2\theta-\cos^2\theta)(\sin^2\theta+\cos^2\theta)}{\cos^4\theta}\\ =&\,\frac{1-2\cos^2\theta}{\cos^4\theta}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

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也可以从 1+tan⁡2θ=1/cos⁡2θ1+\tan^2\theta=1/\cos^2\theta 出发。把 tan⁡2θ\tan^2\theta 单独写出来再平方。

答题过程

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For cos⁡θ≠0\cos\theta\ne0, tan⁡2θ=cos⁡−2θ−1\tan^2\theta=\cos^{-2}\theta-1. Therefore

tan⁡4θ−1= (cos⁡−2θ−1)2−1= cos⁡−4θ−2cos⁡−2θ= 1−2cos⁡2θcos⁡4θ.\begin{align*} \tan^4\theta-1 =&\,(\cos^{-2}\theta-1)^2-1\\ =&\,\cos^{-4}\theta-2\cos^{-2}\theta\\ =&\,\frac{1-2\cos^2\theta}{\cos^4\theta}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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用 (a) 的恒等式代换括号。求得 cos⁡2θ\cos^2\theta 后要考虑两个余弦值,再按象限选角。

答题过程

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Since the original expression is defined only when cos⁡θ≠0\cos\theta\ne0, (a) gives

1−2cos⁡2θcos⁡2θ=7⟹cos⁡2θ=19.\frac{1-2\cos^2\theta}{\cos^2\theta}=7 \quad\Longrightarrow\quad \cos^2\theta=\frac19.

Hence cos⁡θ=13\cos\theta=\frac13 or cos⁡θ=−13\cos\theta=-\frac13. The first angle is α=cos⁡−1(1/3)\alpha=\cos^{-1}(1/3) and the second is 180∘−α180^\circ-\alpha. The solutions in the stated interval are 70.5∘70.5^\circ and 109.5∘109.5^\circ.