Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 15 Q11

A Level / CIE / P1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 15 Paper · Question 11

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the curve with equation y=4x2−x3y=4x^2-x^3 and the tangent to the curve at the point PP. The point PP has xx-coordinate 33.

(a) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point PP. Give your answer in the form y=mx+cy=mx+c.

[5]

(b) The shaded region is bounded by the curve, the xx-axis and the tangent to the curve at PP.

Find the exact area of the shaded region.

[6]

The graph of y=4x2−x3y=4x^2-x^3 is transformed by a stretch of scale factor 13\frac{1}{3} in the xx-direction. The point QQ is the image of PP under this transformation. The transformed shaded region is bounded by the transformed curve, the xx-axis and the tangent to the transformed curve at QQ.

(c) (i) Find the equation of the transformed curve in the form y=mx2+nx3y=mx^2+nx^3, where mm and nn are integers to be found.

[1]

(ii) State the coordinates of QQ and the area of the transformed shaded region.

[2]
题目中文翻译

图中显示的是方程为 y=4x2−x3y=4x^2-x^3 的曲线,以及曲线在点 PP 处的切线。点 PP 的 xx 坐标为 33。

(a) 求曲线在点 PP 处切线的方程。答案写成 y=mx+cy=mx+c 的形式。

(b) 阴影区域由曲线、xx 轴和曲线在 PP 处的切线围成。

求阴影区域的精确面积。

图像 y=4x2−x3y=4x^2-x^3 经过 xx 方向上比例因子为 13\frac{1}{3} 的伸缩变换。点 QQ 是点 PP 在该变换下的像。变换后的阴影区域由变换后的曲线、xx 轴和变换后曲线在 QQ 处的切线围成。

(c) (i) 求变换后曲线的方程,写成 y=mx2+nx3y=mx^2+nx^3 的形式,其中 mm 和 nn 是需要求出的整数。

(ii) 写出 QQ 的坐标以及变换后阴影区域的面积。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先用原方程求 PP 的纵坐标,再用导数求切线斜率。已知一点和斜率就可以写切线方程。

答题过程

展开

At x=3x=3, y=4(3)2−(3)3=9y=4(3)^2-(3)^3=9, so P=(3,9)P=(3,9). The gradient is

dydx=8x−3x2,dydx∣x=3=24−27=−3.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=8x-3x^2, \qquad \Big.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}\Big|_{x=3}=24-27=-3.

The tangent is y−9=−3(x−3)y-9=-3(x-3), or y=−3x+18y=-3x+18.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

把阴影看成一个三角形挖去一块曲线下方面积。切线与曲线的右侧横截距决定两块面积的积分或计算范围。

答题过程

展开

The tangent from (a) meets the xx-axis at x=6x=6. The curve y=x2(4−x)y=x^2(4-x) meets it again to the right of PP at x=4x=4. The area under the tangent from x=3x=3 to x=6x=6 is 12(6−3)⋅9=272\frac12(6-3)\cdot9=\frac{27}{2}. From this triangle we subtract the area under the curve between x=3x=3 and x=4x=4:

∫34(4x2−x3) dx=[43x3−14x4]34=643−634=6712.\int_3^4(4x^2-x^3)\,\mathrm{d}x =\Big[\frac43x^3-\frac14x^4\Big]_3^4 =\frac{64}{3}-\frac{63}{4}=\frac{67}{12}.

The shaded area is 272−6712=9512\frac{27}{2}-\frac{67}{12}=\frac{95}{12} square units.

解法二

思路

展开

也可以在 x=4x=4 处把阴影分成两块。左边用切线高度减曲线高度,右边的边界只有切线和 xx 轴。

答题过程

展开

The curve and tangent meet the xx-axis at 44 and 66, respectively, to the right of PP. Between x=3x=3 and x=4x=4 the difference in height is

(−3x+18)−(4x2−x3)=x3−4x2−3x+18=(x−3)2(x+2).(-3x+18)-(4x^2-x^3)=x^3-4x^2-3x+18=(x-3)^2(x+2).

Its integral is

[x44−4x33−3x22+18x]34=803−994=2312.\Big[\frac{x^4}{4}-\frac{4x^3}{3}-\frac{3x^2}{2}+18x\Big]_3^4 =\frac{80}{3}-\frac{99}{4}=\frac{23}{12}.

The triangle from x=4x=4 to x=6x=6 has height 66 and area 12(6−4)⋅6=6\frac12(6-4)\cdot6=6. Thus the total is 2312+6=9512\frac{23}{12}+6=\frac{95}{12} square units.

(c)(i)

解法一

思路

展开

变换后的横坐标是原来横坐标的三分之一。写新方程时,要用 3x3x 找回对应的原横坐标。

答题过程

展开

At a new horizontal coordinate xx, the original coordinate was 3x3x and the height is unchanged. The transformed equation is

y=4(3x)2−(3x)3=36x2−27x3.y=4(3x)^2-(3x)^3=36x^2-27x^3.

(c)(ii)

解法一

思路

展开

把 PP 的横坐标除以 33。阴影区域的高度不变,每条水平线段的长度变为原来的三分之一,所以面积也变为原来的三分之一。

答题过程

展开

The point P=(3,9)P=(3,9) maps to Q=(1,9)Q=(1,9). The transformation carries the entire region to the new region, scaling all horizontal lengths by 13\frac13 while keeping vertical lengths unchanged. The transformed area is

13⋅9512=9536\frac13\cdot\frac{95}{12}=\frac{95}{36}

square units.