题目
Problem
The equation of a curve is 2y2+3xy+x=x2.
(a) Show that dxdy=4y+3x2x−3y−1.
(4)
(b) Hence show that the curve does not have a tangent that is parallel to the x-axis.
(3)
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 2y2+3xy+x=x2。
(a) 证明 dxdy=4y+3x2x−3y−1。
(4)
(b) 由此证明该曲线没有平行于 x 轴的切线。
(3)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
对 y2 使用链式法则,对 xy 使用乘积法则,再收集所有含 dy/dx 的项。
答题过程
展开
Differentiating 2y2+3xy+x=x2 implicitly,
4ydxdy+3y+3xdxdy+1=2x.
Therefore
(4y+3x)dxdy=2x−3y−1,
so
dxdy=4y+3x2x−3y−1.
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
水平切线要求斜率为零,因此先令分子为零,再代回曲线。若得到的二次方程无实根,就不存在这样的实点。
答题过程
展开
A horizontal tangent would require
2x−3y−1=y=0,32x−1.
Substituting into the curve,
92(2x−1)2+x(2x−1)+x=x2.
Multiplying by 9 and simplifying,
2(2x−1)2+18x2=17x2−8x+2=9x2,0.
Its discriminant is
(−8)2−4(17)(2)=64−136=−72<0.
There is no real point satisfying the necessary condition. Hence the curve has no tangent parallel to the x-axis.