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CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 32 Q7

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 32 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the curve y=x3cos⁡2xy=x^3\cos2x, for 0≤x≤14π0\le x\le\frac14\pi. The curve has a maximum point at MM, where x=px=p.

(a) Show that pp satisfies the equation p=12tan⁡−1(32p)p=\frac12\tan^{-1}\left(\frac3{2p}\right).

(3)

(b) Show by calculation that 0.5<p<0.70.5<p<0.7.

(2)

(c) Use an iterative formula based on the equation in part (a) to calculate pp correct to 33 decimal places. Give the result of each iteration to 55 decimal places.

(3)
题目中文翻译

图中显示了曲线 y=x3cos⁡2xy=x^3\cos2x,其中 0≤x≤14π0\le x\le\frac14\pi。曲线在 MM 点取得极大值,该点的 x=px=p。

(a) 证明 pp 满足方程 p=12tan⁡−1(32p)p=\frac12\tan^{-1}\left(\frac3{2p}\right)。

(3)

(b) 通过计算证明 0.5<p<0.70.5<p<0.7。

(2)

(c) 使用基于 (a) 问中方程的迭代公式,计算 pp,结果保留 33 位小数。每次迭代的结果保留 55 位小数。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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乘积求导后约去内部极值处非零的 p2p^2,再用正确的反正切主值范围重排。

答题过程

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Differentiating,

dydx=3x2cos⁡2x−2x3sin⁡2x.\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =3x^2\cos2x-2x^3\sin2x.

At the maximum x=px=p, 0<p<π/40<p<\pi/4, so p2>0p^2>0 and cos⁡2p>0\cos2p>0. Hence

3cos⁡2p−2psin⁡2p=0⟹tan⁡2p=32p.3\cos2p-2p\sin2p=0 \quad\Longrightarrow\quad \tan2p=\frac3{2p}.

Since 0<2p<π/20<2p<\pi/2, taking the principal inverse tangent gives

p=12tan⁡−1(32p).\boxed{p=\frac12\tan^{-1}\bigg(\frac3{2p}\bigg)}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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对重排方程的两边之差计算端点值,利用连续性判断根的范围。

答题过程

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Let

f(p)=p−12tan⁡−1(32p).f(p)=p-\frac12\tan^{-1}\bigg(\frac3{2p}\bigg).

Using radians,

f(0.5)= −0.124522…<0,f(0.7)= 0.132915…>0.\begin{align*} f(0.5)=&\,-0.124522\ldots<0,\\[4mm] f(0.7)=&\,0.132915\ldots>0. \end{align*}

The function is continuous on [0.5,0.7][0.5,0.7], so the root lies in 0.5<p<0.7\boxed{0.5<p<0.7}.

The left side pp increases while the inverse-tangent expression decreases for p>0p>0, so the root is unique.

(c)

解法一

思路

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用区间内的初值迭代,内部保留完整精度,表格给五位小数。

答题过程

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Starting with p0=0.6p_0=0.6, use

pn+1=12tan⁡−1(32pn)p_{n+1}=\frac12\tan^{-1}\bigg(\frac3{2p_n}\bigg)

in radians. The iterations are

nnpnp_n to 5 decimal places
00.60000
10.59514
20.59654
30.59614
40.59626
50.59622
60.59623
70.59623

Thus p=0.596\boxed{p=0.596} to 3 decimal places.