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CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 32 Q10

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 32 Paper · Question 10

题目

Problem

The variables xx and yy satisfy the equation y2=kx−2x+2y^2=k\frac{x-2}{x+2}, where kk is a constant.

(a) Show that dydx=2yx2−4\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=\frac{2y}{x^2-4}.

(5)

(b) Given that k=5k=5, find the angle between the tangents to the curve when x=3x=3.

Give your answer in the form atan⁡−1(bc)a\tan^{-1}\big(\frac bc\big), where aa, bb and cc are integers.

(4)
题目中文翻译

变量 xx 和 yy 满足方程 y2=kx−2x+2y^2=k\frac{x-2}{x+2},其中 kk 为常数。

(a) 证明 dydx=2yx2−4\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=\frac{2y}{x^2-4}。

(5)

(b) 已知 k=5k=5,求曲线上 x=3x=3 对应的点处的两条切线之间的夹角。

答案写成 atan⁡−1(bc)a\tan^{-1}\big(\frac bc\big) 的形式,其中 aa、bb 和 cc 为整数。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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隐式求导时保留 2y2y,再用原方程把常数 kk 消去。这样不会丢掉负的 yy 分支。

答题过程

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Differentiating implicitly,

2ydydx= k(x+2)−(x−2)(x+2)2= 4k(x+2)2.\begin{align*} 2y\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =&\,k\frac{(x+2)-(x-2)}{(x+2)^2}\\ =&\,\frac{4k}{(x+2)^2}. \end{align*}

From the original equation,

k=y2(x+2)x−2.k=\frac{y^2(x+2)}{x-2}.

Substituting and simplifying, at points where the derivative is defined,

dydx= 2y(x+2)2y2(x+2)x−2= 2yx2−4.\begin{align*} \frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =&\,\frac{2}{y(x+2)^2} \frac{y^2(x+2)}{x-2}\\ =&\,\boxed{\frac{2y}{x^2-4}}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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同一个 xx 对应正负两个 yy,故有两条切线。先求斜率,再用两直线夹角公式。

答题过程

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For k=5k=5 and x=3x=3,

y2=53−23+2=1,y^2=5\frac{3-2}{3+2}=1,

so y=±1y=\pm1. By (a), the tangent gradients are

m1=25,m2=−25.m_1=\frac25,\qquad m_2=-\frac25.

If θ\theta is the acute angle between them,

tan⁡θ= ∣m1−m21+m1m2∣= 4/51−4/25=2021.\begin{align*} \tan\theta =&\,\bigg|\frac{m_1-m_2}{1+m_1m_2}\bigg|\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{4/5}{1-4/25}=\frac{20}{21}. \end{align*}

Therefore

θ=tan⁡−1(2021).\boxed{\theta=\tan^{-1}\bigg(\frac{20}{21}\bigg)}.

解法二

思路

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两个斜率互为相反数,切线关于水平方向对称。各自与水平线的锐角相等,所求夹角是其两倍。

答题过程

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When x=3x=3 and k=5k=5, y=±1y=\pm1, so the tangent gradients are ±2/5\pm2/5.

Each tangent makes an acute angle α=tan⁡−1(2/5)\alpha=\tan^{-1}(2/5) with the horizontal. Since α<π/4\alpha<\pi/4, the acute angle between the tangents is 2α2\alpha.

Thus

θ=2tan⁡−1(25).\boxed{\theta=2\tan^{-1}\bigg(\frac25\bigg)}.