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CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 32 Q5

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 32 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

It is given that z=3+λiλ+2iz=\frac{3+\lambda\mathrm{i}}{\lambda+2\mathrm{i}}, where λ\lambda is a real constant.

(a) Find the value of λ\lambda for which arg⁡z=14π\arg z=\frac14\pi.

(4)

(b) When λ\lambda has the value found in 5(a), find the exact value of ∣z∣|z|, making your method clear.

(2)
题目中文翻译

已知 z=3+λiλ+2iz=\frac{3+\lambda\mathrm{i}}{\lambda+2\mathrm{i}},其中 λ\lambda 为实常数。

(a) 求使 arg⁡z=14π\arg z=\frac14\pi 成立的 λ\lambda 的值。

(4)

(b) 当 λ\lambda 取 5(a) 中求得的值时,求 ∣z∣|z| 的精确值,并清楚展示所用方法。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先乘分母的共轭,比较实部和虚部。辐角为 π/4\pi/4 还要求两者都为正,不能只比较它们相等。

答题过程

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Rationalising the denominator,

z= (3+λi)(λ−2i)λ2+4= 5λ+(λ2−6)iλ2+4.\begin{align*} z=&\,\frac{(3+\lambda\mathrm{i})(\lambda-2\mathrm{i})} {\lambda^2+4}\\ =&\,\frac{5\lambda+(\lambda^2-6)\mathrm{i}}{\lambda^2+4}. \end{align*}

For arg⁡z=π/4\arg z=\pi/4, the real and imaginary parts must be equal and positive. Thus

λ2−6= 5λ,(λ−6)(λ+1)= 0.\begin{align*} \lambda^2-6=&\,5\lambda,\\ (\lambda-6)(\lambda+1)=&\,0. \end{align*}

The root λ=−1\lambda=-1 gives a negative real part, so it lies in the wrong quadrant. The required value is λ=6\boxed{\lambda=6}.

解法二

思路

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把辐角条件直接写成 z=c(1+i)z=c(1+\mathrm{i}),其中 c>0c>0。交叉相乘后比较实部和虚部。

答题过程

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Since arg⁡z=π/4\arg z=\pi/4, write z=c(1+i)z=c(1+\mathrm{i}) with c>0c>0. Then

3+λi= c(1+i)(λ+2i)= c[(λ−2)+(λ+2)i].\begin{align*} 3+\lambda\mathrm{i} =&\,c(1+\mathrm{i})(\lambda+2\mathrm{i})\\[4mm] =&\,c\big[(\lambda-2)+(\lambda+2)\mathrm{i}\big]. \end{align*}

Comparing parts,

3= c(λ−2),λ= c(λ+2).\begin{align*} 3=&\,c(\lambda-2),\\[4mm] \lambda=&\,c(\lambda+2). \end{align*}

The first equation implies λ>2\lambda>2. Eliminating cc gives

λ(λ−2)= 3(λ+2),λ2−5λ−6= 0,(λ−6)(λ+1)= 0.\begin{align*} \lambda(\lambda-2)=&\,3(\lambda+2),\\[4mm] \lambda^2-5\lambda-6=&\,0,\\[4mm] (\lambda-6)(\lambda+1)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Only λ=6\boxed{\lambda=6} satisfies λ>2\lambda>2.

(b)

解法一

思路

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先代入(a)的值,求出实部和虚部,再用模长公式。

答题过程

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When λ=6\lambda=6,

z=30+30i40=34+34i.z=\frac{30+30\mathrm{i}}{40} =\frac34+\frac34\mathrm{i}.

Therefore

∣z∣=(34)2+(34)2=324.|z|=\sqrt{\bigg(\frac34\bigg)^2+\bigg(\frac34\bigg)^2} =\boxed{\frac{3\sqrt2}{4}}.

解法二

思路

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商的模等于分子的模除以分母的模。直接代入 (a) 的值,无须先把复数写成直角坐标形式。

答题过程

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Using λ=6\lambda=6 from (a), the quotient rule for moduli gives

∣z∣= ∣3+6i∣∣6+2i∣= 9+3636+4= 4540=324.\begin{align*} |z|=&\,\frac{|3+6\mathrm{i}|}{|6+2\mathrm{i}|}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{\sqrt{9+36}}{\sqrt{36+4}}\\[4mm] =&\,\sqrt{\frac{45}{40}}=\frac{3\sqrt2}{4}. \end{align*}