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CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 31 Q6

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 31 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

Let

I=∫0327(9+x2)2 dx.I=\int_0^3\frac{27}{(9+x^2)^2}\,\mathrm{d}x.

(a) Using the substitution x=3tan⁡θx=3\tan\theta, show that

I=∫014πcos⁡2θ dθ.I=\int_0^{\frac14\pi}\cos^2\theta\,\mathrm{d}\theta.
(4)

(b) Hence find the exact value of II.

(4)
题目中文翻译

设

I=∫0327(9+x2)2 dx.I=\int_0^3\frac{27}{(9+x^2)^2}\,\mathrm{d}x.

(a) 利用代换 x=3tan⁡θx=3\tan\theta,证明

I=∫014πcos⁡2θ dθ.I=\int_0^{\frac14\pi}\cos^2\theta\,\mathrm{d}\theta.
(4)

(b) 由此求 II 的精确值。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

代换时同时换微分与两个端点,并用 1+tan⁡2θ=sec⁡2θ1+\tan^2\theta=\sec^2\theta 化简分母。

答题过程

展开

Put x=3tan⁡θx=3\tan\theta. Then

dx= 3sec⁡2θ dθ,9+x2= 9sec⁡2θ.\begin{align*} \mathrm{d}x=&\,3\sec^2\theta\,\mathrm{d}\theta,\\[4mm] 9+x^2=&\,9\sec^2\theta. \end{align*}

When x=0x=0, θ=0\theta=0; when x=3x=3, tan⁡θ=1\tan\theta=1, so θ=π/4\theta=\pi/4. Thus

I= ∫0π/427(3sec⁡2θ)81sec⁡4θ dθ= ∫0π/4cos⁡2θ dθ.\begin{align*} I =&\,\int_0^{\pi/4} \frac{27(3\sec^2\theta)}{81\sec^4\theta}\,\mathrm{d}\theta\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\int_0^{\pi/4}\cos^2\theta\,\mathrm{d}\theta}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

承接(a),用余弦平方的二倍角公式积分,再代入新变量上下限。

答题过程

展开

Using part (a) and cos⁡2θ=(1+cos⁡2θ)/2\cos^2\theta=(1+\cos2\theta)/2,

I= 12∫0π/4(1+cos⁡2θ) dθ= [θ2+14sin⁡2θ]0π/4= π8+14.\begin{align*} I =&\,\frac12\int_0^{\pi/4}(1+\cos2\theta)\,\mathrm{d}\theta\\[4mm] =&\,\bigg[\frac\theta2+\frac14\sin2\theta\bigg]_0^{\pi/4}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac\pi8+\frac14. \end{align*}

Hence I=(π+2)/8\boxed{I=(\pi+2)/8}.