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CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 32 Q9

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 32 Paper · Question 9

题目

Problem

The lines ll and mm have vector equations

r=−i+3j+4k+λ(2i−j−k)\mathbf{r}=-\mathbf{i}+3\mathbf{j}+4\mathbf{k}+\lambda(2\mathbf{i}-\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k})

and

r=5i+4j+3k+μ(ai+bj+k)\mathbf{r}=5\mathbf{i}+4\mathbf{j}+3\mathbf{k}+\mu(a\mathbf{i}+b\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k})

respectively, where aa and bb are constants.

(a) Given that ll and mm intersect, show that 2b−a=42b-a=4.

(4)

(b) Given also that ll and mm are perpendicular, find the values of aa and bb.

(4)

(c) When aa and bb have these values, find the position vector of the point of intersection of ll and mm.

(2)
题目中文翻译

直线 ll 和 mm 的向量方程分别为

r=−i+3j+4k+λ(2i−j−k)\mathbf{r}=-\mathbf{i}+3\mathbf{j}+4\mathbf{k}+\lambda(2\mathbf{i}-\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k})

和

r=5i+4j+3k+μ(ai+bj+k),\mathbf{r}=5\mathbf{i}+4\mathbf{j}+3\mathbf{k}+\mu(a\mathbf{i}+b\mathbf{j}+\mathbf{k}),

其中 aa 和 bb 为常数。

(a) 已知 ll 和 mm 相交,证明 2b−a=42b-a=4。

(4)

(b) 另已知 ll 和 mm 互相垂直,求 aa 和 bb 的值。

(4)

(c) 当 aa 和 bb 取上述值时,求 ll 和 mm 的交点的位置向量。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

交点的三个分量相等,先用第三分量消去 λ\lambda,再从前两分量消去 μ\mu,注意先证明可约的参数非零。

答题过程

展开

At an intersection,

−1+2λ= 5+aμ,3−λ= 4+bμ,4−λ= 3+μ.\begin{align*} -1+2\lambda=&\,5+a\mu,\\[4mm] 3-\lambda=&\,4+b\mu,\\[4mm] 4-\lambda=&\,3+\mu. \end{align*}

The third gives λ=1−μ\lambda=1-\mu. Substituting into the first two,

(a+2)μ= −4,(1−b)μ= 2.\begin{align*} (a+2)\mu=&\,-4,\\[4mm] (1-b)\mu=&\,2. \end{align*}

The second equation shows μ≠0\mu\ne0. Adding the first equation to twice the second gives

(a+2+2−2b)μ=0.(a+2+2-2b)\mu=0.

Therefore a+4−2b=0a+4-2b=0, so

2b−a=4.\boxed{2b-a=4}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

利用方向向量垂直的点积条件,与(a)的相交条件联立。

答题过程

展开

The direction vectors are (2,−1,−1)(2,-1,-1) and (a,b,1)(a,b,1). Perpendicularity gives

2a−b−1=0.2a-b-1=0.

Using a=2b−4a=2b-4 from part (a),

2(2b−4)−b−1= 0,3b= 9.\begin{align*} 2(2b-4)-b-1=&\,0,\\[4mm] 3b=&\,9. \end{align*}

Thus b=3,a=2\boxed{b=3,\qquad a=2}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

将(a)(b)求出的常数代入分量方程,解参数并核对三分量。

答题过程

展开

With a=2a=2, b=3b=3, the equations from part (a) give

(1−3)μ=2,μ=−1,(1-3)\mu=2,\qquad\mu=-1,

and λ=1−μ=2\lambda=1-\mu=2.

Using line ll,

(−1,3,4)+2(2,−1,−1)=(3,1,2).(-1,3,4)+2(2,-1,-1)=(3,1,2).

Line mm gives (5,4,3)−(2,3,1)=(3,1,2)(5,4,3)-(2,3,1)=(3,1,2) as well. Hence the intersection has position vector

3i+j+2k.\boxed{3\mathbf i+\mathbf j+2\mathbf k}.