题目
Problem
The equation of a curve is x2y−ay2=4a3, where a is a non-zero constant.
(a) Show that dxdy=2ay−x22xy.
(4)
(b) Hence find the coordinates of the points where the tangent to the curve is parallel to the y-axis.
(4)
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 x2y−ay2=4a3,其中 a 为非零常数。
(a) 证明 dxdy=2ay−x22xy。
(4)
(b) 由此求曲线上切线平行于 y 轴的各点的坐标。
(4)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
将 a 视为常数。对 x2y 使用乘积法则,对 ay2 使用链式法则,再把导数项移到一侧。
答题过程
展开
Differentiating x2y−ay2=4a3 implicitly,
2xy+(x2−2ay)dxdy=0.
Therefore
(2ay−x2)dxdy=2xy,
so
dxdy=2ay−x22xy.
(b)
解法一
思路
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竖直切线要求导数分母为零、分子非零。先联立 2ay=x2 与曲线,求出候选点,再确认分子不为零。
答题过程
展开
A tangent parallel to the y-axis requires
2ay−x2=2xy=0,0.
Using x2=2ay in the curve equation,
2ay2−ay2=y2=4a3,4a2,
since a=0.
The possibility y=−2a gives x2=2a(−2a)=−4a2<0, so it is impossible. Hence y=2a and
x2=4a2,x=±2a.
At these points, 2xy=±8a2=0. Thus the required points are
(2a,2a)and(−2a,2a).