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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 31 Q5

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 31 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The equation of a curve is x2y−ay2=4a3x^2y-ay^2=4a^3, where aa is a non-zero constant.

(a) Show that dydx=2xy2ay−x2\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=\dfrac{2xy}{2ay-x^2}.

(4)

(b) Hence find the coordinates of the points where the tangent to the curve is parallel to the yy-axis.

(4)
题目中文翻译

一条曲线的方程为 x2y−ay2=4a3x^2y-ay^2=4a^3,其中 aa 为非零常数。

(a) 证明 dydx=2xy2ay−x2\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=\dfrac{2xy}{2ay-x^2}。

(4)

(b) 由此求曲线上切线平行于 yy 轴的各点的坐标。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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将 aa 视为常数。对 x2yx^2y 使用乘积法则,对 ay2ay^2 使用链式法则,再把导数项移到一侧。

答题过程

展开

Differentiating x2y−ay2=4a3x^2y-ay^2=4a^3 implicitly,

2xy+(x2−2ay)dydx=0.2xy+(x^2-2ay)\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=0.

Therefore

(2ay−x2)dydx=2xy,(2ay-x^2)\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=2xy,

so

dydx=2xy2ay−x2.\boxed{\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =\frac{2xy}{2ay-x^2}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

竖直切线要求导数分母为零、分子非零。先联立 2ay=x22ay=x^2 与曲线,求出候选点,再确认分子不为零。

答题过程

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A tangent parallel to the yy-axis requires

2ay−x2= 0,2xy≠ 0.\begin{align*} 2ay-x^2=&\,0,\\[4mm] 2xy\ne&\,0. \end{align*}

Using x2=2ayx^2=2ay in the curve equation,

2ay2−ay2= 4a3,y2= 4a2,\begin{align*} 2ay^2-ay^2=&\,4a^3,\\[4mm] y^2=&\,4a^2, \end{align*}

since a≠0a\ne0.

The possibility y=−2ay=-2a gives x2=2a(−2a)=−4a2<0x^2=2a(-2a)=-4a^2<0, so it is impossible. Hence y=2ay=2a and

x2=4a2,x=±2a.x^2=4a^2,\qquad x=\pm2a.

At these points, 2xy=±8a2≠02xy=\pm8a^2\ne0. Thus the required points are

(2a,2a)and(−2a,2a).\boxed{(2a,2a)\quad\text{and}\quad(-2a,2a)}.