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CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 35 Q3

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 35 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

The complex numbers ss and tt are given by

s=5(cos⁡0.25+isin⁡0.25)andt=6e3i.s=5(\cos0.25+\mathrm{i}\sin0.25)\quad\text{and}\quad t=6\mathrm{e}^{3\mathrm{i}}.

(a) Express st\frac{s}{t} in the form reiθr\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\theta}, where −π<θ≤π-\pi<\theta\le\pi and r>0r>0.

(2)

(b) In an Argand diagram with origin OO, the points AA and BB represent the complex numbers ss and st\frac{s}{t} respectively.

By considering the line segments OAOA and OBOB, or otherwise, state the two geometric effects of dividing a complex number by 6e3i6\mathrm{e}^{3\mathrm{i}}.

(2)
题目中文翻译

复数 ss 和 tt 为

s=5(cos⁡0.25+isin⁡0.25)且t=6e3i.s=5(\cos0.25+\mathrm{i}\sin0.25)\quad\text{且}\quad t=6\mathrm{e}^{3\mathrm{i}}.

(a) 将 st\frac{s}{t} 表示为 reiθr\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}\theta} 的形式,其中 −π<θ≤π-\pi<\theta\le\pi 且 r>0r>0。

(2)

(b) 在以 OO 为原点的 Argand 图中,点 AA 和 BB 分别表示复数 ss 和 st\frac{s}{t}。

通过考虑线段 OAOA 和 OBOB,或使用其他方法,写出将一个复数除以 6e3i6\mathrm{e}^{3\mathrm{i}} 所产生的两种几何效果。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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复数相除时模长相除、辐角相减,并检查主值范围。

答题过程

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Since s=5e0.25is=5e^{0.25\mathrm{i}} and t=6e3it=6e^{3\mathrm{i}},

st=56e(0.25−3)i=56e−2.75i.\frac st=\frac56e^{(0.25-3)\mathrm{i}} =\boxed{\frac56e^{-2.75\mathrm{i}}}.

The argument −2.75-2.75 lies in (−π,π](-\pi,\pi].

(b)

解法一

思路

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除以复数等于乘它的倒数,模长缩放与辐角旋转同时发生。

答题过程

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Dividing by 6e3i6e^{3\mathrm{i}} is multiplication by 16e−3i\frac16e^{-3\mathrm{i}}. The effects are

  • an enlargement with centre OO and scale factor 1/61/6;
  • a clockwise rotation through 33 radians about OO.