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CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 35 Q5

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 35 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the locus of points representing the complex numbers, zz, satisfying ∣z+5−4i∣=3|z+5-4\mathrm{i}|=3.

(a) For the points on this locus, determine the maximum and minimum possible values of ∣z∣|z|.

(3)

(b) For the points on this locus, determine the minimum possible value of arg⁡z\arg z.

(3)
题目中文翻译

图中显示了表示满足 ∣z+5−4i∣=3|z+5-4\mathrm{i}|=3 的复数 zz 的点的轨迹。

(a) 对于此轨迹上的点,求 ∣z∣|z| 可能的最大值和最小值。

(3)

(b) 对于此轨迹上的点,求 arg⁡z\arg z 可能的最小值。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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圆心到原点的距离为 41\sqrt{41},原点在圆外。最近与最远点都在原点和圆心的连线上。

答题过程

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The locus is the circle with centre K=(−5,4)K=(-5,4) and radius 33.

The distance from the origin to its centre is

OK=(−5)2+42=41>3.OK=\sqrt{(-5)^2+4^2}=\sqrt{41}>3.

The nearest and farthest points lie on the line through OO and KK. Therefore

min⁡∣z∣= 41−3,max⁡∣z∣= 41+3.\begin{align*} \min|z|=&\,\boxed{\sqrt{41}-3},\\[4mm] \max|z|=&\,\boxed{\sqrt{41}+3}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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最小辐角对应从原点向圆作的较低角度切线。圆心在第二象限,先确定圆心辐角,再减去切线与圆心连线的夹角。

答题过程

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Let TT be the tangency point giving the smaller argument. Since KT⊥OTKT\perp OT, triangle OKTOKT is right-angled and

∠KOT=sin⁡−1341.\angle KOT=\sin^{-1}\frac3{\sqrt{41}}.

The centre has argument

arg⁡(−5+4i)=π−tan⁡−145.\arg(-5+4\mathrm{i})=\pi-\tan^{-1}\frac45.

Thus

min⁡arg⁡z= π−tan⁡−145−sin⁡−1341= 1.979235…= 1.98 radians.\begin{align*} \min\arg z =&\,\pi-\tan^{-1}\frac45-\sin^{-1}\frac3{\sqrt{41}}\\ =&\,1.979235\ldots\\ =&\,\boxed{1.98\text{ radians}}. \end{align*}