The points A and B have position vectors 341 and 431 respectively.
The line m passes through the points A and B.
(a) Find a vector equation for m.
(2)
The line l has equation
r=6−1−3+μ1−1−2.
(b) Determine whether the lines l and m are parallel, intersect or are skew.
(4)
(c) The point P lies on l and is such that angle PAB=60∘.
Find the position vector of P.
(6)
题目中文翻译
点 A 和 B 的位置向量分别为 341 和 431。
直线 m 经过点 A 和 B。
(a) 求直线 m 的一个向量方程。
(2)
直线 l 的方程为
r=6−1−3+μ1−1−2.
(b) 判断直线 l 和 m 是平行、相交还是异面。
(4)
(c) 点 P 在直线 l 上,且角 PAB=60∘。
求 P 的位置向量。
(6)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. Write your answers on the answer booklet. Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.
You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
The direction vectors (1,−1,0) and (1,−1,−2) are not proportional, so the lines are not parallel. Equating the first two coordinates at a possible intersection gives
3+λ=4−λ=6+μ,−1−μ.
These require both λ−μ=3 and λ−μ=5, a contradiction. Therefore the lines do not intersect and are skew.
(c)
解法一
思路
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用直线参数表示 P,计算 AP 与 AB 的数量积。平方后求参数时,须回代原来的角度条件排除钝角根。
答题过程
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For P on l,
AP=AB=(3+μ,−5−μ,−4−2μ),(1,−1,0).
Their dot product is 8+2μ, and ∣AP∣2=6μ2+32μ+50. Since the angle is 60∘,