In the diagram, OABCD is a solid figure in which OA=OB=4 units and OD=3 units. The edge OD is vertical, DC is parallel to OB and DC=1 unit. The base, OAB, is horizontal and angle AOB=90∘. Unit vectors i, j and k are parallel to OA, OB and OD respectively. The midpoint of AB is M and the point N on BC is such that CN=2NB.
(a) Express vectors MD and ON in terms of i, j and k.
(4)
(b) Calculate the angle in degrees between the directions of MD and ON.
(3)
(c) Show that the length of the perpendicular from M to ON is 522.
(4)
题目中文翻译
图中,OABCD 是一个立体图形,其中 OA=OB=4 个单位长度,OD=3 个单位长度。棱 OD 竖直,DC 平行于 OB,且 DC=1 个单位长度。底面 OAB 水平,且角 AOB=90∘。单位向量 i、j 和 k 分别平行于 OA、OB 和 OD。M 为 AB 的中点,BC 上的点 N 满足 CN=2NB。
(a) 用 i、j 和 k 表示向量 MD 和 ON。
(4)
(b) 求 MD 与 ON 的方向之间的夹角,答案以度为单位。
(3)
(c) 证明从 M 到 ON 的垂线长为 522。
(4)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
Its minimum is 22/5, at λ=3/5.
Equivalently, dλd(MP2)=20λ−12=0
gives the same parameter, with positive second derivative 20.
Therefore the perpendicular distance is
522.
解法三
思路
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也可先求 OM 沿 ON 的投影,再用勾股定理得到垂直分量长度。
答题过程
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We have OM=(2,2,0) and a direction vector for ON is d=(0,3,1).
The projection length is
∣d∣OM⋅d=106.
Since OM2=22+22=8, the squared perpendicular distance is