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CIE 9709 2022 November Paper 32 Q2

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2022 Nov Paper 32 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

The polynomial 2x3−x2+a2x^3-x^2+a, where aa is a constant, is denoted by p(x)\mathrm{p}(x). It is given that (2x+3)(2x+3) is a factor of p(x)\mathrm{p}(x).

(a) Find the value of aa.

(2)

(b) When aa has this value, solve the inequality p(x)<0\mathrm{p}(x)<0.

(4)
题目中文翻译

多项式 2x3−x2+a2x^3-x^2+a 记为 p(x)\mathrm{p}(x),其中 aa 为常数。已知 (2x+3)(2x+3) 是 p(x)\mathrm{p}(x) 的一个因式。

(a) 求 aa 的值。

(2)

(b) 当 aa 取此值时,解不等式 p(x)<0\mathrm{p}(x)<0。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

由因式定理代入 2x+3=02x+3=0 的根,求出常数。

答题过程

展开

Since 2x+32x+3 is a factor,

p(−32)=0.\mathrm p\bigg(-\frac32\bigg)=0.

Thus

2(−32)3−(−32)2+a=0,2\bigg(-\frac32\bigg)^3-\bigg(-\frac32\bigg)^2+a=0,

so

−274−94+a=0.-\frac{27}{4}-\frac94+a=0.

Therefore a=9\boxed{a=9}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

利用(a)的常数值先分解三次式。二次因子可配成完全平方加正数,符号完全由一次因子决定。

答题过程

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With a=9a=9, write the quotient as x2+bx+cx^2+bx+c. Comparing the x2x^2 and xx coefficients gives 2b+3=−12b+3=-1 and 2c+3b=02c+3b=0, so b=−2b=-2 and c=3c=3. Thus

p(x)=2x3−x2+9=(2x+3)(x2−2x+3).\mathrm p(x)=2x^3-x^2+9=(2x+3)(x^2-2x+3).

The quadratic factor is

x2−2x+3=(x−1)2+2>0x^2-2x+3=(x-1)^2+2>0

for every real xx. Hence p(x)<0\mathrm p(x)<0 exactly when 2x+3<02x+3<0.

Therefore x<−3/2\boxed{x<-3/2}.