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CIE 9709 2022 November Paper 33 Q6

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2022 Nov Paper 33 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

Solve the quadratic equation (1−3i)z2−(2+i)z+i=0(1-3\mathrm{i})z^2-(2+\mathrm{i})z+\mathrm{i}=0, giving your answers in the form x+iyx+\mathrm{i}y, where xx and yy are real.

(6)
题目中文翻译

解二次方程 (1−3i)z2−(2+i)z+i=0(1-3\mathrm{i})z^2-(2+\mathrm{i})z+\mathrm{i}=0,将答案表示为 x+iyx+\mathrm{i}y 的形式,其中 xx 和 yy 为实数。

(6)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

解法一

思路

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用复系数二次方程的求根公式。先完整算出判别式,再分别用共轭化分母得到直角坐标形式。

答题过程

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The quadratic formula gives

z=2+i±(2+i)2−4(1−3i)i2(1−3i).z=\frac{2+\mathrm{i}\pm \sqrt{(2+\mathrm{i})^2-4(1-3\mathrm{i})\mathrm{i}}} {2(1-3\mathrm{i})}.

Now

(2+i)2=3+4i,4(1−3i)i=12+4i.(2+\mathrm{i})^2=3+4\mathrm{i}, \qquad 4(1-3\mathrm{i})\mathrm{i}=12+4\mathrm{i}.

The discriminant is therefore −9-9, so

z=2+i±3i2−6i.z=\frac{2+\mathrm{i}\pm3\mathrm{i}}{2-6\mathrm{i}}.

For the plus sign,

z= 2+4i2−6i= (2+4i)(2+6i)40= −20+20i40= −12+12i.\begin{align*} z=&\,\frac{2+4\mathrm{i}}{2-6\mathrm{i}}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{(2+4\mathrm{i})(2+6\mathrm{i})}{40}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{-20+20\mathrm{i}}{40}\\[4mm] =&\,-\frac12+\frac12\mathrm{i}. \end{align*}

For the minus sign,

z= 2−2i2−6i= (2−2i)(2+6i)40= 16+8i40= 25+15i.\begin{align*} z=&\,\frac{2-2\mathrm{i}}{2-6\mathrm{i}}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{(2-2\mathrm{i})(2+6\mathrm{i})}{40}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{16+8\mathrm{i}}{40}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac25+\frac15\mathrm{i}. \end{align*}

Thus

z=−12+12iorz=25+15i.\boxed{z=-\frac12+\frac12\mathrm{i} \quad\text{or}\quad z=\frac25+\frac15\mathrm{i}}.