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CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 31 Q6

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 31 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

The parametric equations of a curve are

x=t+3,y=ln⁡t,x=\sqrt t+3,\qquad y=\ln t,

for t>0t>0.

(a) Obtain a simplified expression for dydx\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} in terms of tt.

(3)

(b) Hence find the exact coordinates of the point on the curve at which the gradient of the normal is −2-2.

(3)
题目中文翻译

一条曲线的参数方程为

x=t+3,y=ln⁡t,x=\sqrt t+3,\qquad y=\ln t,

其中 t>0t>0。

(a) 求 dydx\dfrac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} 用 tt 表示的简化表达式。

(3)

(b) 由此求曲线上法线斜率为 −2-2 的点的精确坐标。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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参数曲线的斜率是 (dy/dt)/(dx/dt)\big(\mathrm{d}y/\mathrm{d}t\big)/\big(\mathrm{d}x/\mathrm{d}t\big),求导后约去相同的幂。

答题过程

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Since x=t+3x=\sqrt t+3 and y=ln⁡ty=\ln t,

dxdt= 12t,dydt= 1t.\begin{align*} \frac{\mathrm{d}x}{\mathrm{d}t}=&\,\frac1{2\sqrt t},\\[4mm] \frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}t}=&\,\frac1t. \end{align*}

Therefore, for t>0t>0,

dydx=1/t1/(2t)=2t.\boxed{\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =\frac{1/t}{1/(2\sqrt t)} =\frac2{\sqrt t}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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切线与法线斜率的乘积为 −1-1。先求切线斜率,再利用(a)求参数,最后代回坐标式。

答题过程

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The normal has gradient −2-2, so the tangent has gradient 1/21/2. Using part (a),

2t= 12,t= 4,t= 16.\begin{align*} \frac2{\sqrt t}=&\,\frac12,\\[4mm] \sqrt t=&\,4,\\[4mm] t=&\,16. \end{align*}

Thus

x= 16+3=7,y= ln⁡16.\begin{align*} x=&\,\sqrt{16}+3=7,\\[4mm] y=&\,\ln16. \end{align*}

The required point is (7,ln⁡16)\boxed{(7,\ln16)}.